作为与经济社会发展联系最为紧密的教育类型，我国高等职业教育肩负着服务社会的重要使命。立足于高等教育普及化阶段，如何为促进经济社会高质量发展贡献力量，是我国高职院校不可回避的时代命题。然而，目前高职院校在社会服务方面面临服务形式单一、服务水平不高、技术成果转化率低等问题。本研究基于资源依赖理论和协同学理论，从人才供给、技术服务、培训服务三方面描述我国高职院校社会服务能力现状，考察我国高职院校社会服务能力的影响因素与组态路径，以期为学校改善社会服务实践提供参考。本研究收集并整理了2023年全国1342所高职院校的质量年报数据，采用多元线性回归和定性比较分析等方法进行分析，得出以下核心结论：第一，我国高职院校社会服务能力建设面临“量小力微”的结果困境，呈现出整体水平不高、内部发展不均衡的特点。第二，在影响因素方面，高职院校向当地供给人才的能力主要受所在地级市经济发展水平的影响；院校自身的办学条件和校企合作均能对学校技术服务和培训服务能力产生显著正向影响，外部环境对这两项能力的影响并不一致。第三，我国高职院校社会服务能力存在不同的组态路径：在高人才供给能力的两条组态路径中，政府财政投入水平和地区经济发展水平均为核心条件。高技术服务能力的组态路径共有四条，学校师资因素和校企合作因素在每条路径中均发挥着核心作用；对于地处经济欠发达地区的院校而言，充足的师资和企业提供实践教学设备发挥了核心作用。推动高职院校形成高培训服务能力的路径有两条，在第一条路径中，专业数量和设备资源数量为核心条件；第二条路径在产业结构高级化程度较低的制约下，教师能力水平和企业提供实践教学发挥了核心作用。整体而言，教师队伍建设和校企设备共享是提升技术服务和培训服务能力的核心条件。影响高职院校社会服务能力建设水平的因素是复杂的，本研究在检验不同因素影响的基础上，探索了办学条件因素、校企合作因素和外部环境因素如何协同发挥作用，在理论上丰富了对我国高职院校社会服务能力影响因素和组态路径的理解。此外，本研究结合对典型案例的阐释，从促进专业建设与产业发展紧密对接、提高教师社会服务能力与积极性、深化校企合作和创新产教融合机制等方面，为发挥高职院校社会服务对经济社会高质量发展的引领作用提出了建议。

China's higher vocational education has the significant mission of serving society since it is the form of education most closely linked to social and economic development. Based on the universal stage of higher education, how to contribute to the high-quality economic and social development is an unavoidable proposition of the times for China’s higher vocational institutions. However, higher vocational institutions are currently dealing with issues including single service forms, the poor service quality, and the low transformation rate of technological achievements. Based on resource dependence theory and synergetic theory, this study describes the current situation of the social service capacity of China’s higher vocational institutions in terms of talent supply, technical service, and training service, and explores the influencing factors and configuration paths of the social service capacity of China’s higher vocational institutions, in order to provide potential directions for the improvement of social service in China’s higher vocational institutions.Based on the data of 2023 annual quality report of 1342 higher vocational institutions in China, this study adopts the methods of multiple linear regression and fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis to conduct the analysis. The following core findings are obtained from this study: Firstly, the construction of social service capacity of China's higher vocational institutions is faced with the dilemma of “small in number and weak in strength”, which presents the characteristics of low overall level and uneven internal development. Second, in terms of influencing factors, the ability of China's higher vocational institutions to supply talents to the local area is mainly affected by the economic development level of the prefecture-level city where the institution is located; the school conditions and school-enterprise cooperation have significantly positive influences on the technical service and training service capacity of higher vocational institutions, while the external environment does not have a consistent impact on these two capacities. Thirdly, there are different configuration paths for the social service capacity of higher vocational institutions in China: there are two driving paths for the high talent supply capacity, in which the level of government financial investment and the level of regional economic development are both core conditions. There are four driving paths for high technical service capacity, and school faculty and school-enterprise cooperation play a core role in each configuration; for institutions located in less economically developed areas, the adequate number of teachers and the provision of practical teaching equipment by enterprises play a core role. There are two paths to promote the formation of high training service capacity in higher vocational institutions; in the first path, the number of majors and the number of equipment are the core conditions; in the second path, under the constraint of the low level of the industrial structure upgrade, teachers' competence and the provision of practical teaching by enterprises play a core role. Overall, faculty construction and the sharing of equipment between schools and enterprises are the core conditions for technical and training services capacity.Factors affecting the level of social service capacity of higher vocational institutions are complex. On the basis of testing the effect of different factors, this study explores how school conditions, school-enterprise cooperation and external environment work synergistically, which theoretically enriches the understanding of the influencing factors and configuration paths of the social service capacity of China’s higher vocational institutions. Furthermore, this study, in conjunction with the interpretation of typical cases, proposes that China’s higher vocational institutions should promote the connection between major construction and industrial development, improve teachers' social service capacity and motivation, deepen the school-enterprise cooperation, and innovate the integration mechanism of industry and education, so as to play the leading role of the social services of higher vocational institutions in the high-quality economic and social development.