研究目的　自我接纳是心理健康的重要基石，其形成与发展受到家庭教养方式的显著影响。自我同情则是在自我接纳基础上发展起来的，尤其适用于应对困难情景。本研究旨在探讨三个核心问题：个体的自我接纳是否通过育儿方式影响后代的自我接纳，形成代际传递效应？自我同情是否在其中发挥作用？若存在作用，对其进行干预是否有助于缓解低自我接纳引发的代际负面影响？本研究认为，尽管育儿方式是一种长期、整体的家庭教养模式，但其在具体亲子互动中的表现仍可能受到个体心理状态的影响。提升个体的状态自我同情可能降低其状态焦虑，从而增强其在亲子互动中有意识地采取积极育儿行为的可能性。对于自我接纳较低的个体而言，自我同情因其工具性和可操作性，可能是改善育儿行为更现实可行的切入点。随着积极育儿行为的积累，育儿方式有望逐渐向更积极的方向转变。研究设计　本研究采用三项实证研究验证上述问题。研究一（N = 256）与研究二（N = 314）采用问卷法，测量个体的家庭教养方式与自我接纳水平，后者则额外测量了自我同情水平。研究三（N = 202）采用实验设计，被试先完成家庭教养方式测量，随后回忆一段困难情境并完成状态自我同情与状态焦虑前测；之后随机分配至自我同情心态引导组或对照组，接受相应的写作任务；干预后再次测量其状态自我同情与状态焦虑水平。研究结果　研究一发现，父母自我接纳与育儿方式密切相关：“否认拒绝”维度呈显著负相关，“温暖支持”维度呈显著正相关。父母与子女自我接纳高度相关（r = 0.63），且上述两个维度在代际传递中起中介作用。研究二进一步验证了自我同情在上述路径中的作用。研究三采用包含三个因素的混合设计重复测量方差分析发现：不同家庭教养方式主类型的个体在干预前状态焦虑水平差异显著，其中“否认拒绝型”状态焦虑水平最高，“过度保护型”次之，“温暖支持型”最低；干预后，实验组的状态焦虑差异不显著，而对照组差异仍然显著。研究结论　综合三项研究结果，本研究揭示了自我接纳存在代际传递现象，提示低自我接纳者在养育过程中应有意识地减少否认拒绝行为，增加温暖支持行为。育儿方式的形成和转变与自我接纳高度相关，但也受自我同情影响。在压力性情景中，自我同情心态引导干预对个体的状态焦虑具有显著且稳定的效应，且不受原有家庭教养方式的影响。这些发现为未来探索基于自我同情的代际干预提供了初步依据与实践路径。

Research PurposeSelf-acceptance is a crucial foundation of mental health, and its formation and development are significantly influenced by parenting styles. Self-compassion develops on the basis of self-acceptance and is particularly applicable in coping with challenging situations. This study aims to explore three core questions: Does an individual's level of self-acceptance influence their offspring’s level of self-acceptance through child-rearing style, thereby forming an intergenerational transmission effect? Does self-compassion play a role in this process? If so, can interventions targeting self-compassion help alleviate the negative intergenerational consequences caused by low self-acceptance?This study suggests that although child-rearing style is a long-term and holistic pattern of family upbringing, its manifestation in specific parent-child interactions may still be affected by individuals’ psychological states. Enhancing state self-compassion may reduce state anxiety, thus increasing the likelihood that individuals consciously adopt positive parenting behaviors during parent-child interactions. For individuals with lower levels of self-acceptance, self-compassion—due to its instrumental and actionable nature—may offer a more practically viable entry point for improving parenting behaviors. As these positive behaviors accumulate, child-rearing style may gradually shift toward a more supportive direction.Research DesignThis study adopted three empirical studies to verify the above questions. Study 1 (N = 256) and Study 2 (N = 314) used questionnaire methods to measure participants’ parenting styles and levels of self-acceptance, with Study 2 additionally measuring self-compassion. Study 3 (N = 202) adopted an experimental design. Participants first completed a measure of parenting style, then recalled a difficult situation and completed pre-tests on state self-compassion and state anxiety. Subsequently, they were randomly assigned to either a self-compassion mindstate induction group or a control group and completed corresponding writing tasks. After the intervention, their levels of state self-compassion and state anxiety were measured again.Research FindingsFindings revealed that parental self-acceptance was closely related to child-rearing style: it showed a significant negative correlation with the “denial and rejection” dimension and a significant positive correlation with the “warmth and support” dimension. Parent-child dyads exhibited high correlations in self-acceptance levels (r = 0.63), with both dimensions playing mediating roles in intergenerational transmission. Study 2 further confirmed the role of self-compassion in this pathway. Study 3 found that individuals with different dominant parenting styles showed significant differences in state anxiety before the intervention, with the “denial and rejection” type showing the highest state anxiety, followed by the “overprotection” type, and the “warmth and support” type showing the lowest. After the intervention, these differences were no longer significant in the experimental group, while they remained significant in the control group.Research ConclusionIn conclusion, integrating findings from all three studies, this research reveals the existence of intergenerational transmission of self-acceptance and highlights that individuals with low self-acceptance should consciously reduce denial and rejection behaviors and increase warmth and support behaviors in parenting. The formation and transformation of child-rearing style are highly related to self-acceptance but also influenced by self-compassion. In stressful situations, self-compassion mindstate induction demonstrates significant and stable effects on reducing state anxiety, regardless of one’s original parenting style. These findings provide preliminary theoretical foundations and practical pathways for future research exploring intergenerational interventions based on self-compassion.