本研究以《黄帝内经》的25个英译本为研究对象，结合阐释人类学的研究框架，将《黄帝内经》及其注疏看作地方性知识，将关键词作为具有地方性特点的术语体系。本研究全面梳理了海内外《黄帝内经》英译研究领域的发展全景与研究脉络，并对《黄帝内经》英译历史进行阶段性划分，总结各个阶段英译本的特点，由此形成本研究的“文本田野”，并从文本内研究与文本外研究两部分进行探讨。在文本内研究部分，研究选取了三类具有代表性的《黄帝内经》文化关键词：哲学基础关键词、藏象关键词和医学实践关键词。研究通过界定这三类关键词的属性，采用文本细读法与对比研究法对所选取的关键词译文进行分析、勘误与评判，结合不同类别关键词的英译与传播目的，阐明了各类别关键词所适配的深度翻译策略与程度。研究发现，哲学基础关键词宜采用“音译+注释”的深度翻译策略以准确传达原文的基础性与民族性，深度翻译程度为深层级；藏象关键词宜通过深度翻译补充文化信息实现源语言文化与译入语文化的对等，深度翻译程度为中层级；医学实践关键词应突出关键词的实践性与交际性，翻译策略应倾向于读者，深度翻译程度为浅层级。在文本外研究部份，本研究将《黄帝内经》译者分为医学实践型译者和文化研究型译者，以说明译者在《黄帝内经》中医文化关键词英译过程中的主体性，强调不同文化背景的译者对《黄帝内经》关键词跨文化阐释结果的影响。简而言之，本研究通过深耕《黄帝内经》众多译本，创新性地发现深度翻译策略与深度翻译“深浅”程度的选择受到关键词的不同属性、翻译目标和译者文化身份的影响。本研究不仅为《黄帝内经》中医文化关键词翻译策略的选择提供了建设性意见，也为未来其他医学古籍的英译研究提供了有益的参考，有助于进一步推动中医药文化乃至中国传统文化的国际传播。《黄帝内经》既是中国传统医学理论的奠基之作，也是中华传统文化的经典之作。在中国大力推广中医药文化“走出去”、加强文化软实力与国际话语权的背景下，研究《黄帝内经》中医文化关键词的跨文化阐释具有重要的现实意义。
This research employs a corpus of 25 English versions of Huang Di Nei Jing (The Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon) as its research object. With the theoretical framework of interpretive anthropology, the research regards the cultural keywords of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Huang Di Nei Jing as “local knowledge.” Employing digital humanities, it draws a comprehensive panorama of researches on the translation and transmission of Huang Di Nei Jing domestically and abroad, which forms a solid research foundation. Furthermore, it categorizes the historical phases of English translations of Huang Di Nei Jing, summarizes the characteristics of translations in each phase, and thereby establishes the “textual field” for this study.In the section on textual analysis, the research focuses on three key categories of cultural keywords extracted from the Huang Di Nei Jing: philosophical foundation keywords, metaphysical keywords, and medical practice keywords. By defining characteristics of these keywords, a textual close reading approach and a comparative research method are employed to correct and evaluate translation of these keywords. By analyzing various purposes of translation, this research elucidates the specific thick translation strategies suitable for each category of keywords. Research suggests that for philosophical foundation keywords, a “transliteration + annotation” strategy is advisable to ensure precise translation while maximizing the ethnicity and locality. Regarding metaphysical keywords, a thick translation strategy is recommended to supplement cultural information missing in the target language culture, thereby achieving cognitive equivalence between the source language culture and target language culture. As for medical practice keywords, emphasis should be placed on the practicality and communicability to ensure the readability of the translation and a relatively “shallow” translation strategy can be applied.In the extra-textual research section, this research categorizes translators into two groups: medical research-oriented translators and cultural research-oriented translators. Through examples and analysis, it illustrates the influence of translators with various cultural backgrounds on the interpretation of key terms in the Huang Di Nei Jing.In conclusion, the selection of thick translation strategies is influenced by the various characteristics of keywords, translation objectives, and the cultural background of the translator, among which, translation objectives should be given priority. Thus, suitable thick translation strategies should be flexibly selected. This study provides suggestions for the selection and application of suitable translation strategies for other medical ancient texts in the future, further promoting the internationalization of Chinese traditional medicine culture and even Chinese traditional culture to the world. Huang Di Nei Jing serves not only as the foundational work of traditional Chinese medical theory but also as a classic of Chinese traditional culture. With China’s policy of vigorously promoting traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) culture to the global stage, striving for cultural soft power, and international right of speech, the research on the cross-cultural interpretation of key cultural terms in Huang Di Nei Jing holds social significance.
