王明“左”倾教条主义错误是民主革命时期中国共产党党内发生的问题最严重、危害最大的一次“左”倾错误，期间，王明以“为中共更加布尔什维克化”为口号纲领，宣称自身路线的正确性，导致第三次“左”倾路线统治党内长达四年之久，给党和革命事业造成巨大危害。对其错误的性质、表现、根源等，1945年召开的党的六届七中全会通过的《关于若干历史问题的决议》已有正式结论。近年来，一些学者从党的建设或马克思主义中国化等视角，对“布尔什维克化”问题重新展开讨论，认为“布尔什维克化”在促进党的建设方面起了积极作用，认为“布尔什维克化”是马克思主义中国化的前奏和另一种视角。这样的结论显然与《历史决议》的相关结论产生矛盾。要弄清其中的是非，有必要对党的历史上的“布尔什维克化”问题做深入系统的考察。本文在充分吸收和借鉴学界现有研究成果和系统研读《建党以来重要文献选编》、党和国家领导人的著作文集、《共产国际、联共（布）与中国革命档案资料丛书》等一手档案文献资料的基础上，采用文献研究法和历史比较研究方法，对大革命后期到党的七大前中国共产党历史上的“布尔什维克化”问题进行较为系统地考察。本文按照时间顺序，从以下五个方面对中国共产党历史上的“布尔什维克化”问题做了较为全面的探讨：第一，考察共产国际“布尔什维克化”的由来和基本要求，以及大革命时期中国共产党对于布尔什维克化的初步认识，大革命期间；第二，考察1927-1930年土地革命前期中国共产党的“布尔什维克化”认识与实践；第三，考察1931-1934年第三次“左”倾错误时期王明对“布尔什维克化”的认识及他所推行的“布尔什维克化”的实践及其严重后果；第四，考察1935-1943年延安整风前后毛泽东对“布尔什维克化”的重新阐释；第五，分析《关于若干历史问题的决议》对第三次“左”倾错误时期“布尔什维克化”的结论。本文的研究显示，中国共产党历史上的“布尔什维克化”既不是简单的党的建设问题，也不是简单的马克思主义中国化问题，而是“左”倾机会主义者打着共产国际和“布尔什维克化”的旗号，在党内大搞教条主义、宗派主义、主观主义，给党和革命事业造成严重危害的问题。研究这一段历史，必须以党有关历史问题的三个《决议》为根本指导，方能从中汲取应该汲取的深刻教训。

Wang Ming‘s "left" dogmatism mistake is the most serious and harmful "left" mistake occurred in the Communist Party of China during the democratic revolution. During this period, Wang Ming claimed the correctness of his own line with the slogan of "making the Communist Party more Bolshevik", which led to the third "left" line ruling the Party for four years. It caused great harm to the Party and the revolutionary cause. On the nature, manifestation and root causes of its errors, the Resolution on Certain Historical Questions adopted by the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth CPC Central Committee in 1945 has come to an official conclusion. In recent years, some scholars have re-discussed the issue of "Bolshevization" from the perspective of party building or the Sinicization of Marxism. They believe that "Bolshevization" has played a positive role in promoting party building, and that "Bolshevization" is a prelude to the Sinicization of Marxism and another perspective. Such a conclusion is obvious that the "historical Resolution" contradicts the characterization that the "Bolshevization" promoted by Wang Ming is completely wrong. In order to clarify the right and wrong, it is necessary to make a thorough and systematic study of the "Bolshevization" in the history of the Party.On the basis of fully absorbing and drawing on the existing research results in the academic circle and systematically studying the primary archival documents such as Selected and Edited Important Documents Since the Founding of the Party, the anthology of the writings of Party and state leaders, the Communist International, the United Communist Party (Communist Party of China) and the Chinese Revolution Archive Data Series, this paper adopts the literature research method and historical comparative research method. This paper makes a systematic study of the "Bolshevization" in the history of the Communist Party of China from the late period of the Great Revolution to the time before the National Congress of the CPC.According to the chronological order, this paper makes a more comprehensive discussion of the "Bolshevization" in the history of the Communist Party of China from the following five aspects: First, the origin and basic requirements of the "Bolshevization" of the Communist International, and the initial understanding of the Communist Party of China to the Bolshevization during the Great Revolution; Second, the "Bolshevization" cognition and practice of the Communist Party of China in the early stage of agrarian Revolution from 1927 to 1930; Thirdly, it examines Wang Ming‘s understanding of "Bolshevization" and his practice of "Bolshevization" and its serious consequences during the third "left" wrong period in 1931-1934; Fifth, analyze the conclusion of the "Resolution on Certain Historical Questions" on the "Bolshevization" in the wrong period of the third "left" shift.The research in this paper shows that the "Bolshevization" in the history of the Communist Party of China is neither a simple problem of party building nor a simple problem of Sinicization of Marxism, but a "left" opportunist who pursues dogmatism, sectarianism and subjectivism in the party under the banner of the Communist International and "Bolshevization". Which caused serious harm to the Party and the revolutionary cause. In studying this period of history, we must take the Party‘s three Resolutions on historical issues as our fundamental guidance, so that we can draw profound lessons from them.