“汉奸”问题，是中国近现代历史进程中的一个重要的文化及政治命题，它与中国的现代国家建构历程密切相关。“汉奸”问题背后，不仅涉及“民族”、“国家”、“世界”等政治概念，也涉及“忠诚”与“背叛”等伦理概念、“合作”与“斗争”等集体行动逻辑。抗战时期（1931-1945），是出现大量“汉奸人物”和“汉奸行为”，形成具有代表性“汉奸形象”和广泛性“汉奸话语”的关键性阶段。尽管学术界对此时期的“汉奸”现象多有描述，但针对“汉奸”问题的深层次讨论依然有待深入展开。本文在参考大量“汉奸”问题相关研究的基础上，关注到抗战时期的“汉奸”问题既是一种社会现象，也体现了文学与政治深度融合状态下的大众动员特征和政治合法性竞争逻辑。抗战时期，中国社会与中国文学中出现的“汉奸”问题，不仅涉及以周作人、汪精卫为代表的大量文化精英、社会精英和政治人物的“附逆投敌”现象，还涉及如何理解和应对中国与帝国主义势力、帝国主义秩序等深层次矛盾关系的思想论辩及政治实践。日本帝国主义势力入侵与中国的持续抗战，共同构成了“汉奸”问题的复杂背景。这一历史背景在现代世界历史进程中，都具有一定的独特性——当时的中国既不同于殖民地的存在形态，也不同于完全被占领的现代国家。为此，研究文学中的“汉奸”问题，有必要从“汉奸”这一词汇的形成史、抗战时期的“汉奸”史实以及“反汉奸”的政治-文学行动、沦陷区“著名汉奸”及“汉奸文人”的书写、战后“汉奸审判”活动等角度加以展开。本文认为，围绕着如何认定“汉奸”、如何惩治“汉奸”、如何反思及根除“汉奸文化”等历史性论辩所展开的一系列文艺创作和文学行动，深度介入了如何确立“现代中国”的国民政治伦理这一核心命题：此种政治伦理的定义和确立，需要在观念论争和集体性政治实践的互动过程加以进行；此种政治伦理的定义和确立，不仅与中国文化传统中“内”与“外”的思维结构具有延续性，也与中国人对“现代世界”的自主性认知具有相关性；此种政治伦理的定义和确立，不仅与现代国家的组织形态建设进程相互缠绕，也与个体伦理和共同体价值观、理想信念和现实选择等伦理范畴密不可分。

The issue of "Han Traitor"（汉奸） is an important proposition in the process of modern and contemporary history in China, and is closely related to the process of modern national construction in China. Behind the "Han Traitor" issue, not only political concepts such as "nation", "state" and "world", but also ethical concepts such as "loyalty" and "betrayal", and collective action logic such as "cooperation" and "struggle". Today, the discourse of "Han Traitor" still has a wide range of influence in Chinese society. During the Resistance War against Japanese Aggression（1931-1945）, as a stage where a large number of "Han Traitor"and their behaviors appeared, forming a representative image of "Han Traitor"and a wide range of "Han Traitor discourse" , although the academic circle has described the "Han Traitor phenomenon " at this stage, but the deep discussion on the "Han Traitor" issue still needs to be carried out. On the basis of a large number of studies on the "Han Traitor" issue, this paper pays attention to the "Han Traitor" issue during the war of resistance against Japan, which is not only a social phenomenon,but also reflects the mass mobilization characteristics and political legitimacy competition logic under the deep integration of literature and politics.During the Resistance War against Japanese Aggression, the issue of "Han Traitor" in Chinese society and literature extended beyond the phenomenon of cultural elites, social elites, and political figures such as Zhou Zuoren and Wang Jingwei who were accused of "collaboration and betrayal." It also involves ideological debate and political practice on how to understand and deal with the deep-seated contradictory relations between China and imperialist forces, and to the imperialist order. The invasion of Japanese imperialist forces and China‘s ongoing resistance formed the complex background of the "collaborator" issue together. This historical context possesses a certain uniqueness in modern world history, China at that time was neither a colonial existence nor a fully occupied modern state. Therefore, studying the issue of "Han Traitor" in Chinese modern literature necessitates an exploration of the historical formation of the term ""Han Traitor," the historical facts of collaborators during the Resistance War, the political-literary actions against ""Han Traitor," the writings of "famous Han Traitor " and "Han Traitor literati" in both occupied areas and post-war trials against the collaborators.This paper argues that a series of literary creations and literary actions centered on the historical debates on how to identify "Han Traitor", how to punish "Han Traitor", how to reflect on and eradicate "Han Traitor" have deeply intervened in the core issue of how to establish the national political ethics of "modern China": the definition and establishment of such political ethics need to be carried out in the interactive process of ideological debate and collective political practice; the definition and establishment of such political ethics not only have continuity with the thinking structure of "inside" and "outside" in Chinese cultural tradition, but also have relevance with the Chinese people‘s autonomous cognition of "modern world"; the definition and establishment of such political ethics are not only intertwined with the process of the construction of the organizational form of modern states, but also inseparable from the ethical categories of individual ethics and community values, ideal beliefs and realistic choices.