目的：探究三名清华大学800米优秀学生运动员（李俊霖、马忠强、王文慧）年度训练方法及运动表现特征，提升我国800米项目竞争实力。方法：1. 应用跟踪记录法对三名优秀800米学生运动员的运动表现能力、体能训练、专项训练课内容进行记录与分析。2.实验测试法：1）心率指标；2）尿液指标；3）血液指标评估训练负荷及运动表现特征。3. 数理统计法进行数据评估与分析。结果：清华大学中长跑队年度周期训练共分为四个阶段，即过渡期、准备期、专项提升期和赛前准备期。小周期一般为6-8周，包含有氧能力周、转换周、调整周、专项能力周，周训距离量分别为90KM、84KM、78KM、80KM，快跑量占比为32%、30%、28%、30%。小周期训练量呈V型趋势，有氧能力周训练量最大，专项能力周训练负荷较大，调整周的训练量及负荷最小；清华大学中长跑跑类训练方法主要包括速度训练、持续有氧跑训练、专项能力训练，其中持续有氧跑训练的占比最高（84%）；每周进行三次强度课训练，每次强度课间歇一天以上。持续有氧跑训练中，代偿性训练心率控制在140次/分钟；有氧训练心率控制在160次/分钟；混氧跑时心率控制在185-190次/分钟最为合适。混氧跑及间歇跑对机体损伤最大，尿蛋白可达2＋（100mg/dL），训练时心率刺激较大的运动员最终运动成绩较为出色。三名运动员比赛期睾酮、皮质醇、血尿素指标不理想，体能消耗过多。此外，三名运动员经过高原训练后有氧运输能力增加，竞技表现能力均有提升。结论：三名运动员经过清华大学中长跑队针对“学生运动员”以学、训、赛相结合将年度周期训练划分为四个阶段，并实现小周期递进，多样化（如速度训练、专项训练、持续有氧跑等）的科学训练方法及实现全程生理生化指标检测后，最终大赛成绩均有显著提升。以上实践证明该训练方法可能对普通高校培养优秀的国家级800米项目的“学生运动员”具有非常重要的借鉴意义，也对我国800米项目的发展具有一定的推动作用。

Objective: To explore the annual training methods and performance characteristics of three outstanding 800m student athletes from Tsinghua University (Li Junlin, Ma Zhongqiang, Wang Wenhui) to enhance China‘s competitiveness in the 800m event.Methods: 1. Tracking and recording method to analyze the performance, physical training, and specialized training content of the three excellent 800m student athletes. 2. Experimental testing method: (1) Heart rate indicators; (2) Urine indicators; (3) Blood indicators to assess training load and performance characteristics. 3. Statistical methods for data evaluation and analysis.Results: The annual training cycle of Tsinghua University‘s middle and long-distance running team is divided into four stages: transition, preparation, specialized improvement, and pre-competition preparation. Mini-cycles usually last 6-8 weeks, covering aerobic capacity weeks, transition weeks, adjustment weeks, and specialized ability weeks, with weekly training distances of 90KM, 84KM, 78KM, and 80KM respectively, and the proportion of sprint training at 32%, 30%, 28%, and 30%. The volume of training in a mini-cycle shows a V-shaped trend, with the highest volume during the aerobic capacity weeks and the greatest load during the specialized ability weeks, while the adjustment week has the least volume and load. The primary training methods include speed training, continuous aerobic running (comprising the highest proportion at 84%), and specialized ability training; with three intense training sessions per week, spaced more than one day apart. During continuous aerobic running, compensatory training heart rates are controlled at 140 beats per minute; aerobic training at 160 beats per minute; mixed oxygen running heart rates are optimally controlled at 185-190 beats per minute. Mixed oxygen and interval running cause the greatest physical damage, with urinary protein reaching 2+ (100mg/dL); athletes with higher heart rate stimulation during training typically perform better. During competitions, indicators such as testosterone, cortisol, and blood urea are not ideal, indicating excessive physical exertion. Moreover, after high-altitude training, the athletes‘ aerobic transport capabilities improved, enhancing their competitive performance.Conclusion: After undergoing the annual training cycle organized into four stages and progressing through mini-cycles with diversified scientific training methods (such as speed training, specialized training, and continuous aerobic running) and comprehensive physiological and biochemical monitoring, the athletes achieved significant improvements in major competitions. These practices demonstrate that such training methods may have significant implications for training top-level national 800m student athletes in ordinary colleges, and can also contribute to the development of the 800m event in China.