基础设施不仅是城市运作的基础系统和底层结构，也是城市形态演变过程中的重要推动力量和见证者。随着当代城市基础设施系统发展愈加庞大复杂、部分基础设施老化并占据大量可建设用地的问题越来越严峻，废弃基础设施的再利用成为城市更新与可持续发展议题下国内外建筑学关注的热点。虽然已有不少建筑学领域学者对城市基础设施进行研究，并在学术与实践方面取得了丰富的成果，但既有研究大多从宏观城市视角或某一特定的基础设施出发，缺乏对废弃基础设施中微观尺度的关注，也未能系统化、多样化的提出具有普适性的再利用原则和策略。本文将城市废弃基础设施再利用的问题聚焦到基础设施大空间的人性化尺度降解上，研究重点是基础设施的城市尺度、工业尺度向人性化尺度的转变，以促进更新利用后的基础设施更好的融入城市空间结构、服务于人的日常生活。研究从城市基础设施和人性化尺度空间两个出发点开始，首先梳理了中西方城市基础设施的演变过程与再利用发展历程，从各个时代的典型案例中得出基础设施复合利用与再利用的发展趋势，并挖掘出更新利用后的基础设施不同于一般工程的公共性、日常性、复合性与模糊性的特征。其次从人性化尺度空间角度出发，梳理了建筑学领域关于人体尺度、人与建成空间尺度关系的相关理论，在此基础上研究了影响人对空间尺度感知的主客观因素，为空间尺度降解策略提供理论依据。最后通过当代国内外相关典型案例，对四类城市中常见的、且具有改造为人日常使用空间潜力的基础设施进行研究分析，得出6大类共20种具有普适性的尺度降解策略和4条设计原则，为后续同类型基础设施的再利用提供设计参考意义。基于上述研究，本文还结合了简盟工作室在某大城市的发电厂更新项目，利用上述设计原则和尺度降解策略对已停产的发电厂进行了整体优化，并以其中的煤棚作为重点建筑改造对象，对研究成果的可行性进行检验。
Infrastructure serves not only as the foundational system and underlying structure of contemporary cities, but also as a significant driving force and witness of urban morphological evolution. With contemporary urban infrastructure systems becoming increasingly vast and complex, and the issue of aging infrastructure occupying substantial developable land becoming more severe, the renovation of abandoned infrastructure has become a hot topic, under urban renewal and sustainable policies in the fields of architecture both domestically and internationally. Although many architecture scholars have conducted many research on urban infrastructure and have achieved rich results in academia and practice, existing studies mostly adopt a macro urban perspective or focus on specific infrastructure, lacking attention to the micro-scale within abandoned infrastructure. Moreover, there also need to propose systematic and diverse principles and strategies for renovation projects.This paper focuses on the creation of human-scale space in the renovation process of abandoned urban infrastructure, with the research emphasis on the transformation from urban and industrial scales of infrastructure to the scales suitable for human use, aiming to better integrate the reused infrastructure into the urban public space and serve the daily lives of people.Starting from the perspectives of urban infrastructure and human-scale space, this research first reviews the evolution process and renovation development of urban infrastructure in both Western and Eastern contexts. Drawing insights from typical cases in different eras, the paper identifies the trend of infrastructure compound utilization and reuse, and explores the characteristics of publicness, everydayness, hybridity, and ambiguity of renovation infrastructure, which are distinct from conventional engineering projects. Subsequently, from the viewpoint of human-scale space, the paper examines theories in the field of architecture concerning human scale and the relationship between humans and built environment, and studies the subjective and objective factors influencing human perception of spatial scale to provide theoretical basis for scale degradation strategies. Finally, through analysis of typical cases domestically and internationally, the paper studies four common types of urban infrastructure with the potential to be transformed into spaces for daily use, deriving 6 major categories, comprising 20 universal scale degradation strategies and 4 design principles, which serve as design references for the renovation of similar types of infrastructure in the future.Based on the research, this paper integrates the case of the power plant renovation project in a major city conducted by Teamminus Office, and applies the aforementioned design principles and scale degradation strategies to optimize the decommissioned power plant as a whole. The coal shed within the power plant is singled out as the focal point for architectural renovation, aiming to verify the feasibility of the research outcomes.
