便民商业设施是城市居民日常生活中使用最频繁的社区服务设施之一，满足居民基础保障类消费需求；同时，作为准公益性设施，便民商业的供需匹配程度直接影响着城市居民的生活质量和幸福感。然而，已有研究显示，便民商业设施供需错配的问题随城市发展日益凸显，居民需求无法得到充分满足。近年来，国家大力推进“一刻钟便民生活圈”建设行动，在当下开展有关便民商业设施供需关系的研究有助于配合政府推进工作，助力民生短板高效补齐，具有较高的理论与实践价值。“城市人”理论作为规划学科近年来兴起的重要理论范畴，其关注的核心问题是人的需求与规划供给，理论所构建的“以人为本”规划机制能够为社区服务设施配置相关研究带来新契机。本研究将“城市人”理论应用于便民商业设施配置场景，探究设施的供需关系现状、解析供需困境、提出解决方法。研究首先基于“城市人”理论构建研究体系，识别了供给方（业主、商户）、需求方（社区居民）和协调方（政府）三类设施供需关系相关利益主体，明确了规划在需求共识协调、规划匹配引导和人居空间优化方面的三大职能价值。在此基础上，研究通过问卷调查、半结构化访谈、GIS空间分析等方法调研分析了北京市海淀区及其下辖清河街道两个尺度的便民商业设施供需现状，梳理了设施在供给过程中存在的四方面供需不匹配问题：一是数量供不应求；二是空间分布不均；三是服务质量欠佳；四是线上线下融合度不足。进一步，本研究结合“城市人”视角下人所具有的三性——“理性”“群性”“物性”，尝试解析设施供需错配问题的深层根源。研究发现：第一，经济效益不足是便民商业设施供不应求的根本原因，政府引导机制的缺陷使得设施供给意愿难以得到有效提升。第二，开发商配建模式与滞后的管控制度使得用于搭载便民商业的用房资源基础薄弱，进一步导致了设施在数量、空间上的供给缺陷；与此同时，随城市开发建设到达高位，设施在数量上增长、布局上优化的空间非常有限。第三，设施配置标准欠缺弹性，难以有效回应不同地区差异化的居民需求；主导设施建设的商务部门“重量质、轻空间”的工作模式与规划部门较低的参与度下，基层街道缺乏策略、途径以及动力去解决设施在空间上的供需错配问题。最后，本研究以供需匹配为目标，尝试从引导机制完善、配置标准优化、规划编制与衔接、运营模式创新等方面提出规划策略、实施路径以及政策建议，期望为北京市便民商业设施的补建提升工作提供一定的理论指引和参考。

Community convenient commercial facilities, which fulfill residents’ basic life consumption needs, are one of the most widely used community service facilities in urban residents’ daily lives. The quasi-public attributes makes the balance between facility supply and demand crucial for residents’ life quality and happiness. However, existing research has shown that the issue of supply and demand mismatch of convenience commercial facilities becomes increasingly prominent with urban development, and the needs of residents are not fully met. In recent years, China has vigorously promoted the construction of ‘15-minute convenient living circle’. Facilitating the government’s work and enhancing the well-being of people, concurrent research on the supply and demand relationship of community convenient commercial facilities is indubitably theoretically and practically valuable.The theory of ‘Homo-Urbanicus’ is an important emerging theoretical framework in the field of urban planning in recent years, focuses on the core issue of human needs and planning supply. The ‘people-oriented’ planning mechanism constructed by the theory can bring new opportunities to the research related to the allocation of community service facilities. This study applies the theory of ‘Homo-Urbanicus’ to the context of community convenient commercial facility configuration. exploring the current state of supply and demand, analyzing the dilemmas in supply and demand, and proposing several solutions.The study firstly constructs a research framework based on the ‘Homo-Urbanicus’ theory, identifying three categories of stakeholders related to the supply and demand relationship of facilities: the supply side (property owners, merchants), the demand side (community residents), and the coordinating side (government). It clarifies the functional values of planning in three major aspects: consensus coordination, planning guidance, and living space optimization.Thereafter, the current status of the supply and demand of community convenient commercial facilities in two typical areas, Haidian District and its subordinate Qinghe Street, is analyzed and organized via techniques such as questionnaire surveys, semi-structured interviews, and spatial analysis. Four aspects of supply and demand mismatch in the provision process of facilities are identified: demand’s exceeding supply, uneven spatial layout, low service quality, and insufficient online-offline integration. Based on three features of people from the theory of ‘Homo-Urbanicus’, ‘rationality’, ‘groupness’, and ‘materiality’, this work seeks to uncover the root causes of the supply and demand mismatch of community convenient commercial facilities. The findings are as follows. Firstly, insufficient economic benefits are the fundamental reason for the demand’s exceeding supply of community convenient commercial facilities. The defects in government guidance mechanisms result in the unwillingness of facility providers to increase supply under policy support. Secondly, the developer-constructed models coupled with outdated regulatory systems result in scarce housing resources for convenience commercial facilities, further leading to deficiencies in both the quantity and spatial distribution of these facilities. Concurrently, with development and construction reaching a high level, increasing the quantity and optimizing the layout of these facilities become constrained. Thirdly, the standards for facility configuration lack flexibility and cannot effectively respond to the diverse needs of residents in different areas. Under the work model of the Business department leading facility construction, which emphasizes "quantity and quality over space", and the relatively low participation of planning departments, grassroots subdistricts lack strategies, pathways, and motivation to address the spatial supply-demand mismatch of facilities.Lastly, with the objective of supply and demand alignment, this study proposes planning strategies, implementation pathways, and policy recommendations from several key aspects, including the refinement of guiding mechanisms, optimization of configuration standards, coordination in planning formulation, and innovation in operational paradiagms, seeking to provide theoretical guidance and reference for the enhancement and supplementary construction of convenience commercial facilities in Beijing.