陕甘宁边区参议会制度诞生于日本侵华和第二次国共合作的特殊历史背景下，是中国共产党在根据地领导建立的符合抗日民主要求的政权组织形式。在中日民族矛盾上升为主要矛盾后，为了适应抗日救亡的新形势，中共中央审时度势，在陕甘宁边区实行了参议会制度。研究抗战时期中国共产党如何建构陕甘宁边区参议会制度，如何调整自身政策和进行具有特色的政权建设实践，从而服务于抗战建国的理想目标，可以帮助我们管窥中国共产党政权建设的思想历程。中国共产党是一个马克思列宁主义政党，它自成立之初便揭橥无产阶级专政，要求建立无产阶级的阶级统治。大革命失败后，中国共产党领导苏区人民进行了苏维埃建设的实践，在中国推行苏维埃制度。从土地革命战争时期到抗战时期，中国共产党的建政理念产生了策略性的调整。为了实现团结一切抗日力量，争取国内民主，中国共产党在“民主共和国”的口号指导下，在西北革命根据地率先实行了从苏维埃到民主共和制的转变，开始进行议会制的民主政治实践。在国民政府提出建立地方临时参议会后，陕甘宁边区将议会改为参议会，从而确立起参议会制度，实现了与国民政府政治制度的接轨。国共两党在制度层面的竞争，成为了影响两党命运的重要因素。陕甘宁边区的参议会制度在边区民主政治的发展过程中起到了重要作用。全面抗战时期，陕甘宁边区参议会召开了两届共三次会议。中国共产党通过在陕甘宁边区各级参议会实行“三三制”的政权组织原则，进行了新民主主义的政治实践，极大调动了根据地各阶级的积极性，参议会也成为了边区各界凝聚共识、管理政权的重要平台。在中共中央作出“九一决定”，提出“一元化领导”的要求之后，陕甘宁边区通过第三次精兵简政实现了对参议会制度的调适和修正。在政权组织一元化的过程中，非党人士座谈会和一揽子会等新形式被发掘推广，成为了参议会制度的有益补充。抗战后期，陕甘宁边区参议会的制度实践不断深化，逐步酝酿了人民代表会议这一新的制度形态，为新民主主义共和国的建立提供了新的制度路径。陕甘宁边区参议会制度是边区实行民主政治的主要制度形式，是苏维埃制度在抗日民族统一战线条件下的继承和发展。其发展演变过程体现了中国共产党的政治智慧，为新中国的政治制度建设留下了宝贵经验，为新时代坚持和发展中国特色社会主义政治制度提供了历史镜鉴。

The Consultative Council System of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region was born under the special historical background of Japan’s invasion of China and the second cooperation between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China. It is a political organizational form established under the leadership of the Communist Party of China in the base area that meets the requirements of counter-Japanese democracy. After the ethnic conflict between China and Japan became the main conflict, in order to adapt to the new situation of resisting Japan and saving the nation, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China assessed the situation and implemented a consultative council system in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region. Studying how the Communist Party of China constructed the Consultative Council System of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region during the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, and how it adjusted its own policies and carried out the characteristic practice of construction of state power, so as to serve the ideal goal of the War of Resistance and building state, can help us gain a glimpse of the ideological process of the Communist Party of China in construction of state power.The Communist Party of China is a Marxist-Leninist political party. Since its establishment, it has proclaimed the dictatorship of the proletariat and demanded the establishment of proletarian class rule. After the failure of the Great Revolution, the Communist Party of China led the people in the Soviet areas to practice Soviet construction and implement the Soviet system in China. From the period of the Agrarian Revolutionary War to the period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the Communist Party of China‘s political philosophy underwent strategic adjustments. In order to unite all counter-Japanese forces and strive for domestic democracy, the Communist Party of China, under the guidance of the slogan "Democratic Republic", took the lead in implementing the transformation from the Soviet to the democratic republic in the northwest revolutionary base area, and began to practice democratic politics under the parliamentary system. After the National Government proposed the establishment of a provisional provincial council, the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region changed the parliament to the consultative council, thus establishing a consultative council system and integrating it with the political system of the National Government. The competition between the Kuomintang and the Communist Party of China at the institutional level became an important factor affecting the fate of the two parties.The Consultative Council System of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region has played an important role in the development of democratic politics in the border region. During the total resistance against Japanese aggression by the whole nation, the Consultative Council of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region held three sessions. The Communist Party of China implemented the "three-thirds system" political organizational principle in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region‘s consultative councils at all levels and carried out new democratic political practice, which greatly mobilized the enthusiasm of all classes in the base area. The consultative councils has also become an important platform for all sectors of the border region to build consensus and manage political power. After the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China made the "September 1st Decision" and put forward the requirement of "unified leadership," the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region realized the adjustment and modification of the parliamentary system through the third round of elite troops and streamlined administration. In the process of unifying political power organizations, new forms such as symposiums with prominent non-CPC members and package meetings were explored and promoted, becoming useful supplements to the consultative council system. In the late period of the War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression, the institutional practice of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region Consultative Council continued to deepen, gradually brewing the new institutional form of the People‘s Congress, providing a new institutional path for the establishment of the New Democratic Republic.The Consultative Council System of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region is the main institutional form of democratic politics in the border region. It is the inheritance and development of the Soviet system under the conditions of the Chinese united front against Japanese aggression. Its development and evolution process embodies the political wisdom of the Communist Party of China, leaves valuable experience for the construction of the political system of New China, and provides a historical mirror for adhering to and developing the socialist political system with Chinese characteristics in the new era.