随着信息技术的飞速发展，通感一体化技术已被国际电信联盟确定为IMT-2030的六大关键应用领域之一。目前，主流的实现方式主要依赖射频波段。但随着通信需求的快速增长，射频波段资源紧张已逐渐制约其发展。光作为电磁波的一种表现形式，具有丰富的波段资源和快速传输速度，成为推动通感一体化技术发展的理想信息载体。相较于传统的雷达技术相比，激光雷达以其精确、快速的感知能力，显著提升了光无线通感一体化的整体性能。因此，本文旨在深入探讨光无线通感一体化框架下激光雷达的应用，以进一步增强感知与通信的功能表现及其融合度。首先，本文对可调频连续波激光雷达的频率提取方法进行了深入的比较分析。本文比较短时傅立叶变换和小波变换在色散扫描激光雷达系统中的数据处理效果，详细探讨了这两者在分辨率性能方面的差异。结合这两种方法的优势，提升了色散扫描可调频连续波激光雷达系统的综合测距能力，优化了激光雷达系统的整体性能。此外，本文采用色散扫描激光雷达中的无源色散器件级联组合方法，构建了光束的二维扫描模式。结合可调谐激光器，设计了一种经济高效的室内无线光通信系统，实现了12 Gbit/s的高速室内多用户无线光通信。该系统可实现微秒级的快速波长切换，并提供灵活的信道选择。在端到端连接场景中展现出高速率、高灵敏度的数据传输能力。最后，本文深入研究了仿生扑翼机与激光雷达的融合方案，进一步拓宽了光无线通感一体化技术的应用领域。利用仿生鸟的优越隐蔽性和高气动效率等特性，将激光雷达部件搭载其上构建空中测绘平台，成功完成了目标区域的高精度测绘，为生态监测、地形勘探等领域提供有力支持。本文设计验证了仿生扑翼机与激光雷达的集成方案，并完成了目标区域的地形测量工作。综上所述，本论文深入探讨了面向光无线通感一体化的激光雷达技术的应用验证，展示了在多种应用场景中增强感知和通信能力及其二者融合度的潜力。
With the rapid advancement of information technology, integrated sensing and communication (ISAC) has emerged as a critical area, recognized by the international telecommunication union for IMT-2030. Currently, ISAC primarily relies on the on the radio frequency (RF) band. However, the boosting demand for communication has strained resource in this band, hindering its further development. Light, as an electromagnetic wave, offers abundant bandwidth resources and rapid speed, making it an ideal information carrier for advancing ISAC. Compared to radar, Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) significantly enhances the performance of optical ISAC with its precise and rapid sensing capabilities. This dissertation delves into the practical applications of LiDAR within the framework of ISAC with optical wireless (ISAC-OW), aiming to enhance functional performance and integration levels in sensing and communication.The dissertation deeply analyzes LiDAR data processing methods to optimize the overall performance of LiDAR systems. Specifically, it investigates the effects of short-time Fourier transform and wavelet transform in dispersion-scanning LiDAR systems, analyzing their resolution performance differences. By leveraging the strengths of these transformation methods, the dissertation enhances the comprehensive ranging capabilities of dispersion-scanning FMCW LiDAR systems.Moreover, it employs a cascade combination of passive dispersive devices in dispersion-scanning LiDAR to construct a two-dimensional beam scanning mode. Through strategic integration with tunable laser, an economical and efficient indoor optical wireless communication system is designed, enabling high-speed indoor multi-user optical wireless communication at 12 Gbit/s. The system offers flexible channel selection via a rapid wavelength switching mechanism and demonstrates high-rate, high-sensitivity data transmission capabilities in end-to-end connection scenarios.Additionally, the dissertation explores the fusion of flapping wings robot (FWR) with LiDAR, expanding the application scope of ISAC-OW. Due to the superior concealment and high aerodynamic efficiency of FWR, LiDAR is mounted on it to create an aerial mapping platform. This platform conducts high-precision mapping of target areas, providing robust support for ecological monitoring, terrain exploration, and related fields in the future. The dissertation also designs and validates the integration scheme, completing a topographic survey of a specific area.In summary, this research comprehensively discusses the theory and application of LiDAR technology for ISAC-OW, showcasing its potential to enhance sensing and communication capabilities and their integration across various application scenarios.
