我国人口老龄化形势严峻，预计2035年60岁以上老年人口占全国人口总数将超过30%，进入重度老龄化阶段，铁路客站空间随功能变化日趋复杂，老年人铁路出行体验也亟待提升。本文以通用设计的理念为核心，通过调研老年人的身体机能以及出行偏好，聚焦老年人铁路客站内的出行体验，以老年旅客对导向标识的需求为设计准线，优化现有导向标识，对由年龄带来的生理性退化，造成老年旅客站内寻路及定位等问题提出解决方案，提供老龄友好的普适性导向标识设计。本文主要通过对导向标识的色彩、箭头图形、信息排版、设置点位以及信息载体选择的优化，使老年旅客的视觉搜索更加轻松便捷；同时根据不同场景，梳理导向标识与站内环境的关系，在导向标识的形式上，通过将导向标识的色彩、图形等信息与旅客动线、建筑立面以及服务设施进行关联，提供更加直观的引导，降低决策难度；其次适当增加静态与动态并行的导向标识，能根据环境及站内时态将可变及不可变的信息进行分类；然后用色彩进行信息分类，在适当的场景下，用大面积的色彩来作为主要引导，营造清晰的空间边界，提高导向标识的容错率，增强老年人在站内寻路时的移动自信心，协助老年旅客通过导向标识进行决策预判；对于老年旅客常用的纸质票进行了票面信息可视化的优化，增强它的引导功能。
The aging population situation in our country is severe, with expectations that by 2035, it will exceed 30%, entering a stage of profound aging. With the evolution of functionalities, railway station spaces are becoming increasingly complex, necessitating an enhancement in the travel experience for the elderly. This paper centers around the concept of universal design, exploring the physical capabilities and travel preferences of the elderly, focusing on their experience within railway stations. It aims to optimize existing signage by using the navigational needs of elderly passengers as a design guideline, offering solutions to issues such as wayfinding and positioning caused by age-related physiological degeneration, thereby providing age-friendly, universally accessible signage design.This paper primarily enhances the experience by optimizing the color, arrow graphics, layout of information, placement points, and choice of information carriers for the signage, making visual searches easier and more convenient for elderly passengers. It examines the relationships between signage and the station environment in different scenarios, associating the signage‘s color and graphics with passenger flow lines, architectural facades, and service facilities to provide more intuitive guidance and reduce decision-making difficulty. Additionally, it proposes increasing both static and dynamic guidance to classify changeable and unchangeable information according to the environment and temporal state within the station. It also uses colors for information categorization and uses large areas of color in appropriate scenarios as the primary guidance to create clear spatial boundaries, improve the error tolerance of the signage, and enhance elderly passengers‘ confidence in moving and wayfinding within the station. This aids elderly passengers in making preemptive decisions through the signage. Moreover, the paper includes the optimization of ticket information visualization for traditional paper tickets frequently used by elderly passengers, enhancing their guiding function.
