边疆地区的稳定与发展关系到国家长治久安，从1979年正式提出对口支援西藏、新疆政策至今，对口援疆已经成为了国家战略，并不断向纵深发展，自2010年开展新一轮全面对口援疆以来，全国19个省市对口支援新疆12个地州82个县及新疆建设兵团12个师[ 数据源自《关于进一步加强和推进对口支援新疆工作的实施方案》（2010年6月）]，从原先单一的人才援疆和助推区域经济增长，扩展到社会稳定、民生福祉、文化交流、国家认同等全方位援疆，成为实现稳疆、固疆、兴疆的重要战略性政策，对实现新疆长治久安发挥重要作用，故而研究对口援疆政策具有很大的现实意义。 本文从受援方的视角，以2010年作为对口援疆政策时间冲击点，选取了2000-2022年新疆94个受援县（市）及甘肃、宁夏74个非受援县（市）的面板数据，将新疆受援县（市）作为处理组，宁夏和甘肃等县市作为控制组，运用DID双重分差法对该政策在受援地产生的经济影响进行分析。为了增加政策成效研究的全面性、深入性，面向全疆受援地发放调查问卷1100份，对问卷数据进行了5类交叉比对，分析了不同地域、年龄、族别、居住年限、学历结构等不同受访群体对对口援疆政策成效感受的差异性。此外，运用半结构化访谈法重点调研了从事对口援疆工作的干部及受援地群众，多角度综合分析了对口援疆政策在民生、产业、文化、人才等方面的实效，了解不同人群对对口援疆政策的满意度，最后对影响对口支援政策综合效益发挥的因素进行探讨并提出政策建议。 结果表明，新一轮对口援疆政策实施后，与控制组相比，新疆受援县市实际GDP增加63.7%，说明对口援疆政策对受援地经济具有明显的促进作用；通过问卷调查数据分析，从不同群体对政策的满意度看，南疆高于北疆、哈萨克族高于其他民族、30-50岁及50岁以上群体高于其他年龄段人群、学历水平与满意度正相关、居住时间3年以上的高于短期居住人群；从受援领域看，受援地群众对医疗、教育、交通、公共设施建设方面的援助效果最为满意，而对就业帮扶、社会保障、住房等方面满意度略差。因此，针对研究后体现出的差异性效果，从区域协调发展、政府与市场的关系、以贴近民生为主线的产业援疆、人才智力支持、文化认同等方面提出政策建议，以期通过研究进一步提升对口支援政策对受援地的综合效益。

The stability and development of the border areas is related to the long-term stability of the country. Since 1979, when the policy of counterpart support for Tibet and Xinjiang was officially put forward, counterpart support for Xinjiang has become a national strategy and has been developing in depth. Since 2010, when a new round of counterpart support for Xinjiang was launched, 19 provinces and municipalities have been providing counterpart support for 82 counties in 12 prefectures and 12 divisions of the Xinjiang Construction Corps , expanding from the original single talent support for Xinjiang and boosting regional economic growth to social stability, livelihood welfare, cultural exchanges, and national identity. Since the new round of counterpart support for Xinjiang was launched in 2010, the counterpart support for Xinjiang from 19 provinces and cities across the country has expanded from the original single talent support for Xinjiang and boosting regional economic growth to a full range of support for Xinjiang in terms of social stability, people‘s livelihood, cultural exchanges, and national identity, which has become an important strategic policy for stabilizing, fixing, and prospering Xinjiang, and therefore the study of the counterpart support policy for Xinjiang has a great deal of practical significance.In this paper, from the perspective of the recipients, taking 2010 as the time shock point of the counterpart support policy, panel data of 93 recipient counties (municipalities) in Xinjiang and 74 non-recipient counties (municipalities) in Gansu and Ningxia were selected from 2000-2022, with the recipient counties (municipalities) in Xinjiang as the treatment group, and counties and municipalities such as those in Ningxia and Gansu as the control group, and the DID Double-Difference method was applied to analyze the economic impacts generated by this policy in the recipient places. Analyze. In order to increase the comprehensiveness and depth of the policy effectiveness study, 1,100 questionnaires were distributed to recipient places throughout Xinjiang, and the questionnaire data were cross-referenced in five categories to analyze the differences in the perception of the effectiveness of the counterpart aid policy by different groups of respondents in different geographic regions, ages, ethnicities, years of residence, and educational structures. In addition, semi-structured interviews were used to focus on cadres engaged in counterpart support for Xinjiang and the people in the recipient areas, to comprehensively analyze the effectiveness of the counterpart support policy in terms of people‘s livelihoods, industry, culture and talents from multiple perspectives, and to understand the satisfaction of different groups of people with the counterpart support policy, and finally to discuss the factors affecting the comprehensive effectiveness of the counterpart support policy and to put forward policy recommendations.This paper draws the following conclusions: First, the DID double difference method shows that after the implementation of the new round of counterpart aid policy, the real GDP of the recipient counties (cities) in Xinjiang in the treatment group increased by 63.7%, which indicates that the policy promotes local economic development. Second, through the mediation effect test, the new round of counterpart support policy promotes the economic development of the recipient places through improving education, medical care and industrialization. Thirdly, through questionnaire surveys to measure the public‘s satisfaction with the policy varies, the southern border is higher than the northern border, Kazakhs are higher than other ethnic groups, groups aged 30-50 and above 50 are higher than other age groups, the level of education is positively correlated with satisfaction, and those who have resided in the area for more than three years are higher than those who have resided there for a short period of time; in terms of the areas of assistance, the people in the recipient areas are the most satisfied with the effects of medical care, education, transportation, and the construction of public facilities, while the people are most satisfied with employment and employment. In terms of the areas of assistance, people in the recipient areas are most satisfied with the effects of medical care, education, transportation, and public facility construction, while they are slightly less satisfied with employment assistance, social security, and housing. Therefore, in response to the differential effects reflected in the study, policy suggestions are made in terms of coordinated regional development, the relationship between the government and the market, human resources and intellectual support, and cultural identity, with a view to further enhancing the comprehensive benefits of the counterpart support policy through the study.