本课题选题研究旨在通过理论以及案例对当代破产重整体系的路径进行分析研究，结合过往文献中关于对危困企业的纾困和破产重整的制度和实践路径，对破产重整的理论框架进行深入分析，同时结合国内外典型的破产重整案例，例如海航集团、方正集团、瑞幸咖啡等，对破产重整的实践路径进行分析研究，对当代破产重整体系进行系统性研究和实操层面的探讨分析，并提出改进思路。 本文通过对国内外破产重整体系演变及相关路径探讨的文献研究整理，了解破产重整的理论框架和关键路径，特别是在以美国和中国为代表的不同的法律体系下，对不同发展阶段，不同社会制度和法律体系情况下，破产重整制度的历史发展和演变，以及双方的异同点进行分析研究；另一方面通过对国内外有代表性的破产重整案例，以海航集团为主，辅以方正集团、瑞幸咖啡、通用汽车等典型代表的破产重整案例的分析和关键路径的解读，结合我国当前社会经济发展中的实际情况，梳理和探讨过往破产重整实践案例适用的制度依据、法院裁决、不同阶段的具体操作安排，以及关键节点、路径在整个破产重整进程中的作用，破产重整后企业发展的现状等等。另外，除了对海航集团这一主要案例的深入分析外，结合其他代表性案例如瑞幸咖啡、通用汽车、方正集团等企业破产重整案例的对比分析，进行提炼总结，观察主流商业场景下破产重整的实践和操作特点。 最后通过理论结合实际案例，分析当前我国破产重整体系的不足和面临的一些现实问题或发展的掣肘。并基于此，提出在现有破产法的破产重整制度基础上更加合理的一些商业化的建议和思考，特别是针对现有破产重整方案路径的优化和制度体系的建议，包括进一步优化对不同类型债权人的权益保障、地方政府及相关财政部门的积极参与、对标美国破产法系对现有管理人制度的优化、加强不同国别之间跨境破产重整业务的合作、实践路径层面对服务信托的引入等，为我国社会主义市场经济发展过程中，部分大中型集团企业面临的财务困境提供一个可行的财务纾困思路和借鉴，同时普及破产重整的理念并常态化运用在当代商业中。
The research aims to analyze the contemporary bankruptcy restructuring pathways through both theory and case studies. By integrating past literature on relief systems and bankruptcy restructuring practices for distressed enterprises, a comprehensive theoretical framework analysis of corporate bankruptcy restructuring is conducted. The research also combines typical domestic and international bankruptcy restructuring cases, especially unique scenarios in different cases, to systematically research and discuss the practical aspects of the contemporary bankruptcy restructuring system. The research delves into the historical development and evolution of bankruptcy restructuring systems in different legal systems and development stages, especially in the United States and China, as well as their similarities and differences. Representative bankruptcy restructuring cases, exemplified by the HNA Group are analyzed, interpreting their key paths. In addition to the in-depth analysis of the HNA Group case, by comparing other representative cases such as Luckin Coffee, General Motors, and Founder Group, the research observes the operational process and highlights of bankruptcy restructuring in mainstream business situations. Based on the research, reasonable commercial suggestions and reflections are proposed on the foundation of the existing bankruptcy law‘s restructuring system. Specifically, suggestions are made on optimizing the current restructuring plan pathway and system framework. This includes the protection of creditors‘ rights during the bankruptcy restructuring process, active participation of government, the optimization of the current administrator system in China, strengthening cross-border cooperation, the introduction of service trusts, etc. This provides a feasible solution and reference for the financial difficulties by some enterprises in the process of China‘s market economy development.
