党的二十大指出，全面推进乡村振兴，坚持农业农村优先发展。农村土地流转问题是农村农业产业化不断兴起的发展历程中的关键性问题，有助于土地资源有效配置，对农业现代化意义重大，也是解决“三农”问题的核心。经过“三权分置”的土地制度实施下，各地因地制宜，陆续将土地经营权进行流转，实现农地规模化经营，农民增收效益明显。本文首先通过梳理国内外文献评述，总结前期研究中对土地流转发展历程的研究，并着重阐述探究边疆地区农村土地流转，特别是维汉混居聚集地区农民参与土地流转意愿的影响因素。通过梳理土地产权理论、制度、组织和权利相关的理论，构建出“制度—组织—权利”分析框架。为深入了解边疆地区土地流转现状，本文引入新疆尉犁县推进土地流转情况案例，分析梳理该县土地流转的推进现状及存在的问题。论文采用定量与定性相结合的方法，收集了汉语维语两种版本的390份调查问卷，应用有序Logit模型实证检验了制度因素、组织因素和权利因素层面对边疆地区农户土地流转参与意愿的影响，具体而言：一是制度层面的影响较为明显，尤其是当对县政府土地流转政策越熟悉、土地流转相关制度越完善、政府作用发挥越好，农户实际参与的土地流转程度和土地流转参与意愿越高；二是组织层面有一定的影响，特别是要提升农户对乡村两级组织信任度、提升村组干部的宣传效果；三是权利层面的影响，要注重实际增收效果和畅通土地流转的利益解决机制；四是基于维吾尔族农户样本的分析，发现维吾尔族农户更加注重土地流转价格和流转年限、对村委会工作的满意度以及更加重视土地流转的使用权。论文最后提出了针对性的政策建议：一是健全制度体系，促进土地流转市场规范运行；二是健全监管和纠纷化解机制，切实保障流转农户权益；三是加快发展乡村产业，增加农民非农收入；四是加强基层干部履职和宣讲能力，持续释放土地流转红利；五是紧贴民生需求，完善社会保障机制等。为更好地推进该县乃至边疆地区土地流转工作提供建议和决策依据，为加快推进农业现代化进程，实现边疆民族地区的乡村振兴提供借鉴与参考。
Comprehensively deepening the rural land reform system and promoting moderate scale management of land are important ways to achieve agricultural and rural modernization. The issue of rural land circulation is a key issue in the continuous rise of rural agricultural industrialization, which helps to effectively allocate land resources and has great significance for agricultural modernization. It is also the core of solving problems in agriculture, rural areas, and farmers. Under the implementation of the "three rights separation" land system, various regions have gradually transferred land management rights according to local conditions, achieving large-scale management of agricultural land and significant income increase benefits for farmers.This article first reviews domestic and foreign literature, summarizes the research on the development process of land transfer in previous studies, and focuses on exploring the influencing factors of rural land transfer in border areas, especially the willingness of farmers in Uyghur and national language mixed settlement areas to participate in land transfer. By sorting out the theories related to land property rights, institutions, organizations, and rights, a framework of "institution organization rights" analysis is constructed. To gain a deeper understanding of the current situation of land transfer in border areas, this article introduces a case study of promoting land transfer in Yuli County, Xinjiang, and analyzes and sorts out the current situation. The paper adopts a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to collect 390 survey questionnaires in both Chinese and Uyghur versions. The logit model is used to empirically test the impact of institutional factors, organizational factors, and rights factors on the willingness of rural households to participate in land transfer in border areas. Specifically, the impact at the institutional level is more obvious, especially when the more familiar with the county government‘s land transfer policies and the more complete the land transfer related systems are The better the government‘s role is played, the higher the degree of actual participation and willingness of farmers in land transfer; Secondly, there is a certain impact at the organizational level, especially in enhancing farmers‘ trust in rural two-level organizations and enhancing the publicity effect of village cadres; The third aspect is the impact of rights, which should focus on the actual income increase effect and the interest resolution mechanism for smooth land transfer; Fourthly, based on the analysis of a sample of Uyghur farmers, impact on willingness to participate in land transfer.At the end of the paper, targeted policy recommendations were proposed: firstly, to improve the institutional system and promote the standardized operation of the land transfer market; The second is to improve the mechanism for supervision and dispute resolution, and effectively safeguard the rights and interests of circulating farmers; Thirdly, accelerate the development of rural industries and increase farmers‘ non agricultural income; Fourthly, strengthen the ability of grassroots cadres to perform their duties and preach, and continuously release the dividends of land transfer; The fifth is to closely meet the needs of people‘s livelihoods and improve social security mechanisms. To provide suggestions and decision-making basis for better promoting land transfer work in the county and even in border areas, and achieve rural revitalization in border ethnic areas, providing reference.
