自2019年以来，中国经济发展的国际环境发生了巨大变化，30多年相对和平的外部发展环境不复存在。美国对中国在关键技术上进行非对称竞争，推动局部脱钩和打压。在这样的背景下，中国可以从碳中和和数字化转型两个方面进行突围。本文通过对中国企业华为数字化转型实践进行研究，探讨企业数字化转型成功要素和技术方法。世界170多个国家发布了自己的数字化战略，希望在数字化建设中保持领先，促进国家经济发展。西方发达国家已经完成了工业化、城镇化和农业现代化，为数字化经济打下坚实的基础。而我国数字化是建立在3化未完成的基础上开展的，“四化同步”成为我国数字化经济的发展特色。企业数字化转型越来越成为每个企业的共识，95%的企业或多或少都进行了企业数字化转型，通过数字化转型来提高企业利润和运营效率。同时中国数字化转型需要面对来自外部环境和中美的战略竞争格局的影响。华为作为国内一家著名的科技企业， 2019年华为收入达到8588亿人民币，增长率达到19.1%，预计2020年有望突破1万亿人民币收入。但是在美国围追堵截的制裁下，2021年收入下滑了28.6%，2022年也仅有不到1%的增长率。华为的数字化转型正是在百年之大变局的环境下开展的，其数字化转型的成功经验和关键技术对于其他企业具有重要的借鉴意义。本论文全面介绍了华为数字化转型蓝图、阶段、目标、特点和转变内容。数据管理和流程数字化是企业数字化转型最基础的两个工作，所以论文详细研究了华为数据管理之道和流程数字化实践。数据管理之道着重探讨华为在数据管理方面的策略和方法，以及如何通过数据治理来夯实数字化转型的基础。流程数字化着重探讨华为作为大型企业，如何实现从传统流程到数字化流程的转变。最后论文论述华为在美国极限打压的条件下，如何构建独立自主的数字化底座体系。华为通过和国内外合作伙伴合作，完善了鲲鹏、鸿蒙等数字化生态圈。
Since 2019, the international environment for China‘s economic development has undergone tremendous changes, and the relatively peaceful external development environment of more than 30 years no longer exists. The United States engages in asymmetric competition against China in key technologies and promotes partial decoupling and suppression. Against this background, China can break through from two aspects: carbon neutrality and digital transformation. This paper studies the achievements and practices of Huawei‘s digital transformation to explore the path to successful digital transformation for Chinese enterprises.More than 170 countries in the world have released their digital strategies, hoping to stay ahead in digital construction and promote national economic development. Developed Western countries have completed industrialization, urbanization, and agricultural modernization, laying a solid foundation for the digital economy. However, digitalization in China is built on the unfinished foundation of the three modernizations, and the "four modernizations in sync" has become a characteristic of the development of China‘s digital economy. Enterprise digital transformation has increasingly become the consensus of every enterprise. 95% of enterprises have more or less carried out enterprise digital transformation, and improved corporate profits and operational efficiency through digital transformation. China’s digital transformation needs to face the external environment and the strategic competition pattern between China and the United States.As a well-known domestic technology company, Huawei‘s revenue reached 858.8 billion yuan in 2019, with a growth rate of 19.1%. It is expected to exceed 1 trillion yuan in revenue in 2020. However, under the U.S. sanctions, revenue fell by 28.6% in 2021, and the growth rate in 2022 was only less than 1%. Huawei‘s digital transformation was officially carried out in an environment of major changes in a century. Its successful experience and key technologies in digital transformation have important reference significance for other companies.This paper comprehensively introduces Huawei‘s digital transformation blueprint, stages, goals, characteristics, and transformation content. Data management and process digitization are the two most basic tasks of enterprise digital transformation, so this paper studies Huawei‘s data management methods and process digitization practices in detail. Data Management focuses on Huawei‘s strategies and methods in data management, and how to lay a solid foundation for digital transformation through data governance. Process digitalization focuses on how Huawei, as a large enterprise, realizes the transformation from traditional processes to digital processes. The final paper discusses how Huawei built an independent digital base system under extreme pressure from the United States. Huawei has improved digital ecosystems such as Kunpeng and Harmony through cooperation with domestic and foreign partners.
