全球气候变化和可持续发展理念普及下，亚热带大学校园户外工作空间设计受关注。城市密集人口和建筑导致空间拥挤和微气候问题。本研究分析亚热带校园户外空间微气候属性，探索优化设计，提高使用效率和舒适度。目标是促进学术和社会交往，支持可持续城市发展和实现“双碳”战略。 初始阶段，本研究通过广泛的文献回顾和案例分析，深入探究了国内外在户外空间环境感知、舒适度评估、微气候适应性设计策略以及微气候对工作效率影响等方面的研究进展。此外，还考察了办公环境对员工舒适性和生产力的作用，旨在为后续研究工作和环境品质的提升提供坚实的理论支撑。 随后，通过对中国亚热带地区高校的实地调查和国内外研究文献分析，梳理出户外工作空间的微气候特征。并以清华大学深圳国际研究生院校园为主要研究对象，通过问卷调研、认知测试实验、软件模拟等方法，对校园内不同户外空间在环境满意度、感知工作负担以及工作效率方面进行了细致的比较分析。此外，研究还探讨了这些因素之间的相互影响及关联性。研究对40个校园典型户外空间进行了实地调研、基于VR场景对14个户外工作空间进行了问卷调研，最终依据问卷投票结果、空间围合程度、绿化率、所属的校园功能区等特质选出了6个空间作为优化设计的对象，并组织了96人参与的户外空间感知与工作效率实验，探索了在亚热带地区室外工作的可行性和影响使用者舒适性的相关因素。其中，实验结果表明：1）人们在有树荫或建筑遮蔽的空间中往往能有更好的工作表现；2）当室外环境条件适宜时，人们在户外的工作表现不仅优于室内，而且感受到的工作压力也更低；3）相较于噪音和照明因素，热环境对工作表现的影响更为显著。 本研究提出微气候优化设计策略，包括：1）合理布局和空间组织，利用自然资源，考虑师生需求；2）提高舒适度，选择人体工学家具，优化自然光，融入生态元素；3）空间的多功能与灵活性，满足多样工作需求；4）平衡私密性与社交性，考虑隐私屏风和隔音措施，以保护个人隐私和提供良好的工作环境；5）利用建筑和景观设计手法，如遮阳、通风、隔热等，降低空间的热负荷，提高空间使用效率，提升视觉环境。 此外，本研究使用ENVI-Met软件模拟，验证了微气候设计策略在亚热带大学户外空间的实际效果。结果证实，合理设计显著提升舒适度和使用效果，为高校生态建设和可持续发展提供参考。优化猴空间的UTCI值均在舒适范围内，证明方案可行。

With the global climate change and the widespread adoption of sustainable development principles, the design of outdoor workspaces in subtropical university campuses has garnered increasing attention. In recent years, rapid population growth and intensive construction have led to high population density and concentrated buildings. This has resulted in spatial congestion within cities, restricting people's activity space and comfort, while also causing severe microclimate issues. This study aims to explore the microclimate characteristics and design strategies of outdoor workspaces in subtropical university campuses in order to enhance space utilization and comfort, promote academic exchange and interpersonal interaction, and support sustainable urban development and the "dual carbon" goals.Firstly, through literature review and case studies, the research status in relevant fields both domestically and internationally is examined and summarized. The review covers topics such as environmental perception and comfort of outdoor spaces, microclimate adaptive design strategies and cases, the impact of microclimate on work efficiency, and the influence of office environments on employee comfort and work efficiency. This provides a theoretical foundation for subsequent research and optimization design of environmental quality.Subsequently, based on field investigations of subtropical universities in China and analysis of domestic and international research literature, the microclimate characteristics of outdoor workspaces are identified, including temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar radiation, etc. Environmental perception and comfort primarily include thermal comfort, visual comfort, acoustic comfort, etc. Taking the campus of the Tsinghua University Shenzhen International Graduate School as the main research object, a comparative analysis of different outdoor spaces within the campus is conducted through methods such as questionnaire surveys, cognitive testing experiments, and software simulations. The study investigates the differences and impacts on environmental satisfaction, perceived work stress, and work performance among these spaces, as well as the relationships between them. Field investigations are conducted for 40 typical outdoor spaces on the campus, while questionnaire surveys based on VR scenes are carried out for 14 outdoor workspaces. Six spaces are selected for optimization design based on questionnaire voting results, enclosure degree, greening ratio, and their affiliation to campus functional areas. A perception and work efficiency experiment with 96 participants is organized to explore the feasibility of outdoor work in subtropical regions and the factors influencing user comfort. The experiment results indicate that people tend to perform better in spaces with tree shade or building shading. The influence of thermal environment on work performance is more significant than that of noise and lighting, and should be prioritized in the optimization design process.Furthermore, combining spatial design theories and experimental results analysis, a series of microclimate optimization design strategies are proposed. These strategies include: 1) rational layout and spatial organization, fully utilizing natural environmental resources in outdoor workspaces, primarily achieved by considering the workflow and interaction modes of faculty and students; 2) enhancing space comfort by selecting comfortable chairs and workstations that conform to human body curves and postures, planning window and skylight positions and sizes to maximize natural lighting and reduce reliance on artificial lighting, and using ecological elements such as green vegetation and water bodies to regulate the microclimate environment; 3) providing multifunctional and flexible spaces, offering various areas and facilities to accommodate different working styles and task requirements of faculty and students; 4) balancing privacy and sociability by considering privacy screens and sound insulation measures to protect personal privacy and provide a conducive work environment; 5) leveraging architectural and landscape design techniques such as shading, ventilation, and thermal insulation to reduce space heat load, enhance space utilization efficiency, and improve visual environment.Additionally, this study employs software simulations using ENVI-Met to compare the effectiveness of different microclimate design strategies in practical applications. The results demonstrate that rational microclimate design strategies can significantly improve the comfort and usability of outdoor workspaces in subtropical university campuses, providing valuable insights for ecological environment construction and sustainable development in higher education institutions. Specifically, experimental comparisons were conducted for the proposed five design strategies, and the Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) values for the optimized spaces all showed a significant decrease and remained within the comfortable range for outdoor work (<32°C), confirming the feasibility of the proposed design schemes.