在经济社会可持续转型过程中，能源转型扮演了重要的角色。小型岛屿由于其独立的地理边界和有限的自然资源，具有独特的观测价值。本文选取湄洲岛作为代表性的研究案例，通过实地调研和数据分析，探索可持续能源系统在零碳岛屿建设以及促进旅游业可持续发展中起到的作用、当下面临的挑战和可能的解决方案。本文首先通过文献阅读建立理论框架，分析能源系统转型与旅游业可持续发展间的相互作用关系。然后结合实地调研与访谈，总结目前湄洲岛已经采取的成功举措和面临的挑战。当前，湄洲岛用电负荷曲线与可再生能源发电曲线之间耦合度较低，随着可再生能源占比的增加，需要采取措施确保供电稳定性。可持续旅游业在水质提高和空气质量改善、基础设施升级和智能化管理、以及增加公众对气候行动的意识等方面，与可持续能源转型显示出协同作用。然而，可再生能源的扩张可能会影响旅游景区的风貌保护，二者需要平衡。针对未来应采取的解决方案，作者通过模型预测发现，接入100MW的渔光互补系统可以有效提高绿电消纳比例，但在此基础上继续扩大光伏发电功率的效果微乎其微；由于新能源出力曲线和湄洲岛负荷曲线耦合度较差，进一步提升绿电消纳比例的潜力在更完善的储能系统，而目前储能系统的能力非常有限，仍有巨大的缺口等待填补，提升光伏配储容量的边际效益仍较高。由于目前峰谷电价曲线与新能源出力曲线耦合度差，导致在引入商业储能情景中，湄洲岛绿电消纳比例反而下降。综合以上研究结论，不建议湄洲岛大规模建设新的光伏储能系统，建议通过扩大光伏配储容量、合理引导居民用电行为，提升绿电消纳比例；通过优化目前的电价政策，将电力清洁度加入定价权重，可以引导商业储能实现经济效益和生态效益的统一。
In the process of sustainable transition of our society, energy transition plays a crucial role. Small islands, due to their independent geographical boundaries and limited natural resources, have unique observational value. This paper selects Meizhou Island as a representative case study, exploring the contribution of energy transition towards the development of Zero-carbon Islands and the enhancement of tourism sustainability, through field research and data analysis. Furthermore, it delves into the prevailing challenges confronting this initiative and proposes potential pathways for resolution.The thesis first establishes a theoretical framework through literature review, analyzing the interaction between energy system transition and sustainable development of tourism. Then, combining field research and interviews, it summarizes the successful measures taken and challenges faced by Meizhou Island. Currently, the coupling between Meizhou Island's electricity load curve and renewable energy generation curve is low. As the proportion of renewable energy increases, measures need to be taken to ensure supply stability. Sustainable tourism shows synergy with sustainable energy transition in aspects such as improving water quality and reducing air pollution, upgrading infrastructure and digital management, and raising public awareness of climate action. However, the expansion of renewable energy might impact the preservation of scenic spots' appearance, requiring dealing with the trade-offs properly. For the solutions that should be taken in the future, model predictions reveal that integrating a 100MW fishery-photovoltaic system effectively increases the green electricity consumption ratio, but further expansion of photovoltaic power generation capacity yields minimal benefits. Due to poor coupling between the renewable energy output curve and Meizhou Island's load curve, the potential to further increase the green electricity ratio lies in a more advanced storage system, which is currently very limited and has a significant gap to fill, making the marginal benefits of increasing photovoltaic storage capacity still high. Poor coupling between current peak-valley price curves and renewable energy output leads to a decrease in the green electricity consumption ratio under scenarios introducing commercial energy storage.In light of these findings, it is not recommended to massively construct new photovoltaic storage systems on Meizhou Island. Instead, it is advisable to increase the green electricity consumption ratio by expanding photovoltaic storage capacity and guiding residential electricity use behavior. Optimizing the current electricity pricing policy to include the cleanliness of electricity in pricing weights can guide commercial storage to achieve both economic and ecological benefits.
