全球气候变化及其带来的挑战促使各国寻求有效的减排策略以应对这一挑战。作为全球最大的碳排放国之一，中国对实现碳中和的承诺具有重要的全球意义。绿色金融和区块链技术作为推动中国实现碳中和目标的潜在工具，展现出了广阔的应用前景。绿色金融可以为低碳技术和环保项目的实施提供必要的资金支持，而区块链技术则可能通过其独特的透明性和安全性，改善碳排放的交易和监管机制。本研究通过实证分析和案例分析两个维度探讨了这些技术在中国碳中和目标中的具体作用。案例分析深入探讨了中石化碳中和债券以及区块链技术在国家电网的绿电消纳与溯源项目中的应用，揭示了绿色金融在推进中国碳中和战略中的作用以及区块链在增强碳交易市场透明度和效率方面的实际潜力。实证分析则通过对2005至2021年中国30个省份（不含西藏）的面板数据进行分析，采用固定效应模型和向量自回归（VAR）模型探讨了绿色金融和区块链技术在碳减排中的应用效果。研究结果表明，绿色金融特别是绿色债券的推广，对降低碳排放具有明显的积极效果，同时区块链技术也显示了在提升能源行业市场透明度和效率方面的潜在价值。虽然这些发现支持了这绿色金融和区块链技术在碳减排中的应用，但也指出需要进一步的研究来验证这些技术的长期效果及其在更广泛应用中的可能性。本研究试图填补现有文献中关于绿色金融产品对碳排放实际影响及区块链技术在推动环境效益方面作用不明确的研究空白。虽然研究在增进对这一主题理解方面取得了一定进展，但仍存在局限性，期待后续研究能提供更深入的见解，为中国乃至全球的碳中和进程贡献力量。研究结论认为，绿色金融与区块链技术各自在理论上能为碳中和目标提供一定支持，但其实际效果需在更多实践中进行检验。因此，建议政策制定者在推广这些技术时保持审慎，并在未来政策制定中加入更多实证研究数据。希望本研究的结果能为制定更有效的环保策略提供参考，促进环境保护的实际成效。
Global climate change and the challenges it poses have prompted countries to seek effective emission reduction strategies to meet this challenge. As one of the world's largest carbon emitters, China's commitment to achieving carbon neutrality is of global significance. Green finance and blockchain technology show promising applications as potential tools to advance China's goal of carbon neutrality. Green finance can provide the necessary financial support for the implementation of low-carbon technologies and environmental protection projects, while blockchain technology may improve the trading and regulatory mechanisms for carbon emissions through its unique transparency and security.This study explores the specific roles of these technologies in China's carbon neutrality goals through two dimensions: case studies and empirical analyses. The case studies delve into the application of blockchain technology in the State Grid's Green Power Consumption and Traceability Project and the Hang Seng Electronics' Regional Carbon Neutral Registration System, revealing the actual potential of blockchain in enhancing the transparency and efficiency of the carbon trading market. The empirical analysis, on the other hand, explores the effects of the application of green finance and blockchain technology in carbon emission reduction by analysing the panel data of 30 provinces in China (excluding Tibet) from 2005 to 2021, using the fixed-effects model and vector autoregression (VAR) model. The findings suggest that the promotion of green finance, especially green bonds, has an obvious positive effect on reducing carbon emissions, while blockchain technology shows potential value in enhancing the transparency and efficiency of the carbon trading market.While these findings support the application of both technologies in carbon emission reduction, they also point to the need for further research to validate the long-term effects of these technologies and their potential for wider application. This study attempts to fill the research gap in the existing literature regarding the lack of clarity on the actual impact of green financial products on carbon emissions and the role of blockchain technology in driving environmental benefits. Although the study has made some progress in improving the understanding of the topic, limitations remain and it is expected that subsequent studies will provide deeper insights that will contribute to the process of carbon neutrality in China and globally. The study concludes that green finance and blockchain technology can each theoretically provide some support for the goal of carbon neutrality, but their practical effects need to be tested in more practice. Therefore, it is recommended that policymakers remain cautious in promoting these technologies and include more empirical research data in future policymaking. It is hoped that the results of this study will provide a reference for the formulation of more effective environmental protection strategies and promote the actual effectiveness of environmental protection.
