亲社会行为具有重要的社会意义。探究亲社会行为的影响因素和心理机制一直是心理学研究的热点课题。众多证据表明，积极情绪是促进亲社会行为的重要因素。近年来民众的爱国热情日渐高涨，但鲜有研究从情绪科学的角度探究爱国对亲社会行为的影响。爱国感动是新近提出的情绪概念，指个体因感受到自己与国家关系的突然强化而体验到的暂时性情绪，属于爱国情绪的一种。那么，爱国感动能否促使个体做出亲社会行为？相比于国家自豪感等其他类型的爱国情绪，爱国感动在促进亲社会行为方面是否具有更强的效应？爱国感动促进亲社会行为背后的心理机制是什么？围绕上述问题，本研究构建了一个有调节的中介模型，并实施了13个行为实验加以验证。研究一包括4个实验，采用多种情绪诱发方法与亲社会行为测量方式，考察爱国感动对亲社会行为的影响，并与国家自豪感等情绪的影响效应进行对比。研究二包括5个实验，考察爱国感动对自我超越的影响，并检验自我超越在爱国感动与亲社会行为之间的中介作用。研究三包括4个实验，考察自我独特性在爱国感动与自我超越之间的调节作用，并检验完整理论模型，即自我独特性和自我超越在爱国感动与亲社会行为之间起有调节的中介作用。本研究的主要结果为：（1）相比于快乐或民族愤怒情绪，爱国感动更能促进个体的亲社会行为。（2）相比于国家自豪感，爱国感动能促进个体对外群体的亲社会行为，被唤起爱国感动的个体表现出更低程度的内群体偏好。（3）相比于快乐或国家自豪感，爱国感动能提升个体的自我超越水平。（4）自我超越在爱国感动与亲社会行为之间起中介作用。（5）自我独特性在爱国感动与自我超越之间起调节作用。（6）自我独特性与自我超越在爱国感动与亲社会行为之间起有调节的中介作用。当个体的自我独特性未被凸显时，爱国感动能够通过提升自我超越水平，进而促进其亲社会行为；当个体的自我独特性被凸显时，爱国感动通过自我超越影响亲社会行为的效应不复存在。本研究的主要贡献为：（1）首次为爱国感动促进亲社会行为这一效应提供了直接的实证证据，并发现了爱国感动在亲社会效应中的独特优势。（2）揭示了爱国感动影响亲社会行为的内在心理机制，为政府和学校通过思想政治教育助推公众和学生的亲社会行为提供理论依据。（3）率先在国内开展爱国感动研究，拓宽了国内爱国研究的视角，也有助于公众理解爱国的内涵。

Prosocial behavior has significant meaning for our society. Figuring out when and why individuals engage in prosocial behavior is of great interest to researchers. Numerous studies have shown that positive emotions are an important factor in promoting prosocial behavior. In recent years, there has been a growing enthusiasm among the public to experience and express patriotic sentiments, but few studies have explored the impact of patriotic sentiments on prosocial behavior. Patriotic kama muta is a newly proposed emotion concept, which refers to the state emotion evoked by the sudden intensification of closeness with one‘s own country, which is a type of patriotic sentiments. Can patriotic kama muta motivate individuals to engage in prosocial behavior? Does patriotic kama muta have advantages over other types of patriotic sentiments in promoting prosocial behavior? What is the psychological mechanism of the effect of patriotic kama muta on prosocial behavior? To address these issues, the present research constructed a moderated mediation model and verified it with 13 experiments. Specifically, in study 1, we conducted 4 experiments to test the effect of patriotic kama muta on prosocial behavior, using various emotion induction methods and measures of prosocial behavior. In study 2, we conducted 5 experiments to test the effect of patriotic kama muta on self-transcendence, and the mediating role of self-transcendence between patriotic kama muta and prosocial behavior. In study 3, we conducted 4 experiments to test the moderating role of sense of distinctiveness between patriotic kama muta and self-transcendence, examined the whole theoretical model.The main results of the present research are as follows: (1) Compared with happiness or national anger, patriotic kama muta promotes individuals‘ prosocial behavior. (2) Compared with national pride, patriotic kama muta can promote out-group prosocial behavior, showing a lower degree of in-group preference. (3) Compared with happiness or national pride, patriotic kama muta increases individuals‘ self-transcendence. (4) Self-transcendence plays a mediating role between patriotic kama muta and prosocial behavior. (5) The salience of distinctiveness weakens the positive effect of patriotic kama muta on self-transcendence. (6) Sense of distinctiveness and self-transcendence play moderated mediation roles between patriotic kama muta and prosocial behavior. When an individual‘s distinctiveness isn‘t made salience, patriotic kama muta promotes prosocial behavior by increasing their level of self-transcendence. When an individual‘s distinctiveness is made salience, patriotic kama muta no longer promotes prosocial behavior through self-transcendence. The implications of the present research are as follows: (1) The present research is the first to provide direct empirical evidence of the effect of patriotic kama muta on prosocial behavior. (2) By revealing the psychological mechanism of the effect of patriotic kama muta on prosocial behavior, it provides theoretical guidance for government and educational institutions to promote prosocial behavior in real society. (3) Our empirical research on patriotic kama muta broadens the perspective of patriotic sentiments research and helps the public to understand the connotation of patriotic sentiments.