在排球的技术动作中，防守中的视觉搜索行为可以有效帮助运动员提前预判。现有的体能研究相对成熟，认知水平是现在运动员提高运动表现的重要研究方向。通过眼动可以了解运动员运动决策的过程，可以帮助运动员有针对性的认知训练，提高运动员的赛场表现。本文主要研究排球防守技术中运动员的视觉搜索模式，通过专家——新手范式进行分析。利用移动摄像机拍摄最贴近赛场真实情况的刺激材料，利用现有刷新率达到1200hz的tobii桌面式眼动仪进行眼动指标测量，探索运动员在防守过程中的视觉搜索行为。实验结果显示：（1）在水平差异上，专家组与普通组的正确率与反应时没有显著差异。从整体看，普通组在总注视时间、注视点个数、眼跳次数等指标上均显著更高。在扣球前阶段，专家组在二号位攻手区域的平均注视时间以及二传区域的首注视点的注视时间上更高；普通组在球、三号位攻手的注视点个数、三号位攻手区域内的眼跳次数上更高。在扣球阶段，专家组在攻手头部的平均注视时间更高；普通组在攻手手腕的总注视时间与注视点个数上更高。（2）不同拦网情况下，有人拦网时的正确率显著更高，但反应时也显著更高。在整体情况下，在有人拦网的情况下，总注视时间，注视点个数以及眼跳次数均高于无人拦网的情况。（3）不同视角情况下，底线视角下拍摄的视频正确率显著高于其他视角，但反应时没有显著差异，其中在五号位视角下，专家组的正确率显著更高，在六号位视角下，专家组的反应时更快。底线视角在总注视时间，平均注视时间上高于其他视角，在注视点个数上低于其他视角。一号位视角的平均注视时间，注视点个数，注视点的注视时间以及眼跳各项指标比五六号位视角显著更高。结论如下：在防守过程中，专家组利用更少的注视时间、更少的注视点、更稳定的眼跳、更简单的注视轨迹的线型视觉搜索模式；在扣球前阶段，专家组更关注二传，而普通组更关注球；在扣球阶段，专家组更关注攻手面向，而普通组更关注攻手手腕。有人拦网时可能会造成较大的认知困难，但有助于防守的判断，其中专家组在面对不同拦网情况时，视觉搜索更加稳定；在对赛场模拟过程中，利用移动设备拍摄的材料认知难度会较底线拍摄的刺激材料更大，其中一号位视角下的防守认知难度最大。

In the technical movements of volleyball, the visual search behavior in defense can effectively help players anticipate in advance. The existing research on physical fitness is relatively mature, and cognitive level is now an important research direction for athletes to improve their sports performance. The process of sports decision-making can be understood through eye movement, which can help athletes form targeted cognitive training and improve their performance on the field.This paper mainly studies the players‘ visual search pattern in volleyball defense technology, and analyzes it through the expert-novice paradigm. The mobile camera was used to shoot the stimulus material closest to the real situation of the field, and the existing tobii tabletop eye tracker with a refresh rate of 1200hz was used to measure the eye movement index, so as to explore the visual search behavior of athletes in the process of defense.The experimental results showed that: (1) there was no significant difference in the accuracy and reaction time between the expert group and the ordinary group in terms of level difference. On the whole, the general group was significantly higher in total fixation time, fixation point number, saccade number and other indicators. In the pre-spike phase, the expert group had higher average gaze time in the second attacker‘s area and the first gaze time in the setter‘s area; The common group was higher in the number of gaze points of the ball, the number of eye jumps in the area of the third position attacker. During the spike phase, the expert group‘s average gaze time on the attacking hand was higher; The total fixation time and the number of fixation points were higher in the normal group. (2) Under different blocking conditions, the correct rate of human blocking was significantly higher, but the response time was also significantly higher. Under the overall condition, the total fixation time, the number of fixation points and the number of saps were higher than those under the condition of no blocking. (3) Under different perspectives, the accuracy rate of the video shot from the bottom line perspective is significantly higher than that from other perspectives, but there is no significant difference in response time. The accuracy rate of the expert group is significantly higher under the fifth position perspective, and the response time of the expert group is faster under the sixth position perspective. Bottom line perspective is higher than other perspectives in total fixation time and average fixation time, but lower than other perspectives in the number of fixation points. The average fixation time, number of fixation points, fixation time of fixation points and saccades of the one position view were significantly higher than those of the five and six position view.According to the experimental data, the following conclusions are drawn: in the process of defense, the expert group uses less gaze time, less gaze point, more stable saccades, simpler gaze trajectory linear visual search mode; In the pre-spike phase, the expert group focused more on the set, while the normal group focused more on the ball. In the spike phase, the expert group focused more on the hand side of the attacker, while the normal group focused more on the wrist of the attacker. When someone blocks, it may cause greater cognitive difficulties, but it is helpful for defensive judgment. When the expert group faces different blocking situations, visual search is more stable; In the simulation process of the court, the cognitive difficulty of the materials taken by mobile devices is greater than that of the stimulus materials taken by the bottom line, and the cognitive difficulty of the defense in the perspective of the first position is the greatest.