社会创造力作为个体在人际关系问题解决过程中所体现出的创造力，对促进人类心理适应，特别是对改善大学生群体的人际关系，促进其社会适应具有重要作用。本研究通过对大学生个体进行问卷研究和操纵实验，探讨了共情及其情感成分和认知成分对社会创造力的影响，并讨论亲社会动机在其中的作用机制。研究1通过对249名大学生进行问卷研究，考察了特质共情、亲社会动机和社会创造力的关系，探讨了共情能力对个体社会创造力的影响及亲社会动机的中介作用。研究结果发现：1、认知共情正向影响社会创造力，且该影响作用可以通过亲社会动机这一中介实现；2、情感共情显著负向预测个体的社会创造力，亲社会动机在情感共情与社会创造力之间起遮掩作用；3、当合并两种共情成分时，共情显著正向预测个体的社会创造力。进一步分析发现，共情对社会创造力的预测作用只有通过亲社会动机这一中介变量才能实现。结果发现，提升认知共情和亲社会动机水平有助促进个体的社会创造力表现。研究2根据前人的范式，通过实验筛选出能够有效地唤醒被试不同状态共情成分的录音材料。以此为基础，研究3通过实验操纵了状态共情，考察了被试共情唤醒时，不同共情成分和亲社会动机对社会创造力的实际影响。结果发现：1、认知共情与情感共情均能显著正向预测个体的亲社会动机、认知共情与情感共情的唤醒均能显著提升个体的亲社会动机，尤其是认知共情。2、认知共情可以正向预测个体的社会创造力，既可以直接作用于个体的社会创造力表现，也能通过亲社会动机的中介作用影响个体的社会创造表现。而情感共情无法显著影响个体的社会创造力，也无法通过亲社会动机影响社会创造力。研究加深了我们对于社会创造力本质的理解，为社会创造力领域理论框架的发展和完善提供了新的参考和证据。研究还提示了，个体若想提升社会创造力的表现，建立良好的人际关系，提升自身心理健康与幸福感水平，可以通过促进个体的认知共情水平和亲社会动机来实现。
Social creativity, as the creativity demonstrated by individuals in the process of solving interpersonal relationship problems, plays an important role in promoting human psychological adaptation, especially in improving the interpersonal relationships of university students and promoting their social adaptation. This study explored the effects of empathy and its emotional and cognitive components on social creativity, as well as the role of prosocial motivation in this process, through questionnaire research and manipulation experiments on college students.Study 1 examined the relationship between trait empathy, prosocial motivation, and social creativity in a sample of 249 college students, and investigated the mediating role of empathy in the relationship between prosocial motivation and social creativity. Results showed that: 1) Cognitive empathy positively predicted social creativity, and this effect was mediated by prosocial motivation; 2) Affective empathy negatively predicted social creativity, and prosocial motivation played a masking role in the relationship between affective empathy and social creativity; 3) When the two components of empathy were combined, empathy significantly and positively predicted social creativity. Further analysis showed that the predictive effect of empathy on social creativity was only achieved through the mediating variable of prosocial motivation. These findings suggest that enhancing cognitive empathy and prosocial motivation levels can facilitate individual social creativity.Study 2 experimentally screened material that was effective in arousing subjects‘ different state empathy components based on the previous paradigm. Based on this, Study 3 experimentally manipulated state empathy and examined the actual effects of different empathy components and prosocial motivation on social creativity. Results showed that: 1) Both cognitive empathy and affective empathy significantly and positively predicted prosocial motivation, and both cognitive and affective empathy induction significantly enhanced prosocial motivation, particularly cognitive empathy; 2) Cognitive empathy positively predicted social creativity, directly and indirectly through the mediating effect of prosocial motivation, whereas affective empathy had no significant effect on social creativity or on the mediating effect of prosocial motivation. This study deepens our understanding of the nature of social creativity and provides new references and evidence for the development and improvement of the theoretical framework in the field of social creativity. It also suggests that to improve social creativity performance, establish good interpersonal relationships, and enhance personal psychological health and well-being, individuals can promote their cognitive empathy and prosocial motivation levels.
