视觉观点采择是指表征他人视角信息，是理解他人过程中的一个部分，其在老年人的社会融入中起到积极作用，可以帮助老年人更好地理解他人、促进沟通、减少孤寂感。研究表明，老年人的认知能力（包括记忆、加工速度、执行功能等）普遍呈现衰退的趋势，那么老年人的视觉观点采择能力是否同样有所下降？在采择他人观点时是否会犯自我中心错误？研究表明，通过经颅电刺激能够提高青年人的视觉观点采择能力，那么该方法是否能够对老年人有一样的效果？本文梳理了视觉观点采择的研究现状、机制、主要理论等，通过对比老年人和青年人在视觉观点采择任务中的表现，考察老年人视觉观点采择能力的发展情况；通过对不同类型经颅电刺激和假刺激组在视觉观点采择任务中的表现，考察经颅电刺激对老年人视觉观点采择能力的提升作用。具体来说，实验1和实验2分别采用判断点数任务和导演任务，考察老年人视觉观点采择能力的发展情况；实验3采用经颅电刺激，对老年人视觉观点采择能力进行干预研究。结果显示：（1）老年人在视觉观点采择任务中仍然存在自我中心主义；（2）老年人在视觉观点采择任务中较青年人存在更多的自我中心主义；（3）经颅电刺激颞顶叶联合区可以提高老年人的视觉观点采择能力；（4）对于经颅直流电刺激，随机噪声电刺激对于老年人来说具有更好的效果。本文对老年人视觉观点采择能力发展的实验研究，为完善了视觉观点采择能力毕生发展规律提供了实证数据；同时，本研究尝试探索提升老年人视觉观点采择能力的方法，对于现实生活也具有一定的指导意义。

Visual perspective taking refers to the representation of other people‘s perspective information, which is a part of the process of understanding others. It plays a positive role in the social integration of the elderly. Better understanding of others can promote communication and reduce loneliness. The cognitive abilities of the elderly, including memory, processing speed, executive function, etc., generally show a trend of decline, then do the visual perspective taking ability of the elderly decline? Do older adults make egocentric errors when they perform visual perspective-taking tasks? Studies have shown that transcranial electrical stimulation can improve visual perspective taking ability of the young people, but could it have the same effect in older people? This paper reviews the current research situation, mechanism and main theories of visual perspective taking. By comparing the performance of the old and the young in the task of visual perspective-taking investigate the development of the old‘s perspective-taking ability. Then, judgment point task and directing task were used respectively to investigate the development of perspective-taking ability of the old people in experiment 1 and experiment 2. Transcranial electrical stimulation was used to intervene the perspective-taking ability of the elderly in experiment 3.The results showed that (1) Older adults still egocentrism in the perspective-taking task; (2) Older people are more egocentrism than younger people in perspective-taking tasks; (3) Transcranial electrical stimulation of the temporoparietal junction area can improve the perspective-taking ability of the elderly; (4) For Transcranial direct-current stimulation, Transcranial random noise stimulation was more effective to the elderly.To investigate the effect of transcranial electrical stimulation on the perspective taking ability of the elderly, different type of tES and sham groups were performed in the visual perspective-taking task. This study is the first to study the development of the perspective taking ability of the elderly, and to perfect the life-long development rule of the perspective-taking ability, and to explore the methods to improve the perspective taking ability of the elderly, for real life has a guiding significance.