加强和改进意识形态工作，离不开对于马克思主义意识形态理论的准确理解和把握。研究列宁对发展马克思主义意识形态理论的重要贡献，有利于确证马克思主义意识形态理论发展史的内在一致性、增进意识形态工作“极端重要”的理性认同、为建设具有强大凝聚力和引领力的社会主义意识形态提供有益指引。列宁对马克思主义意识形态理论的发展，与资本主义进入帝国主义阶段的时代特点、沙皇俄国独特的基本国情和马克思主义在俄国的传播密不可分，也直接受到了来自马克思恩格斯对“意识形态”多重属性的具体描述、恩格斯晚年对意识形态理论的深化发展以及普列汉诺夫等人意识形态思想的影响。列宁对发展马克思主义意识形态理论的重要贡献，既包含思想体系的丰富，也包括实践路径的阐明。列宁继承与发展了马克思恩格斯的意识形态批判，在方法论层面实现了从“批判”到“建构”的演进。列宁充分认识到“意识形态”在社会结构中存在的必然性与功能性，创造性地提出了“社会主义意识形态”和“科学的意识形态”，揭示了意识形态作为阶级意识的精神实质，消除了意识形态与科学的二元对立，赋予了“意识形态”中性及肯定意涵，并从多个方面系统论证了意识形态“灌输”的必要性。与此同时，列宁将“党性”概念引入新闻舆论工作，阐发了意识形态的党性原则，确立起社会主义意识形态实践的根本指针。在列宁看来，实现社会主义意识形态的革命动员功能，就要培育组织化的“职业革命家”、创办党报作为重要阵地、注意思想政治教育的方式方法。“十月革命”胜利后，列宁积极探求社会主义“文化贫困”的破解之策，比如以苏俄党政机关为重点推进“文化革命”，同时大力培养建设共产主义社会的“新一代人”，这些探索为社会主义国家抵御资产阶级意识形态侵蚀、捍卫意识形态安全积累了有益经验。梳理列宁对发展马克思主义意识形态理论的重要贡献，有利于我们进一步明晰意识形态工作的重要性、提升意识形态工作的实效性、增强意识形态工作的可持续性，从而确保对意识形态工作领导权的牢牢掌握。

To strengthen and improve ideological work, an accurate understanding and grasp of Marxist ideological theory is indispensable. The study of Lenin‘s important contribution to the development of Marxist ideological theory is conducive to confirming the internal consistency of the history of the development of Marxist ideological theory, enhancing the rational recognition of the ＂extreme importance＂ of ideological work, and providing useful guidance for the construction of a socialist ideology that has the power to unite and inspire the people.Lenin‘s development of Marxist ideological theory was inseparable from the characteristics of the time when capitalism entered the stage of imperialism, the unique basic conditions of Tsarist Russia and the spread of Marxism in Russia, and was also directly influenced by the specific description of the multiple attributes of ＂ideology＂ by Marx and Engels, the deepening of the ideological theory by Engels in his later years, and the deepening of the ideological theory by P.-Lenin. The influence of Marx and Engels‘ specific description of the multiple attributes of ＂ideology,＂ Engels‘ deepening of ideological theory in his later years, and the ideological ideas of Plekhanov and others. Lenin‘s important contribution to the development of Marxist ideological theory includes both the enrichment of the ideological system and the clarification of the practical path. Lenin inherited and developed the ideological critique of Marx and Engels, and realized the evolution from ＂critique＂ to ＂construction＂ at the methodological level. Lenin fully recognized the necessity and functionality of ＂ideology＂ in the social structure, and creatively proposed ＂socialist ideology＂ and ＂scientific ideology＂. He revealed the spiritual essence of ideology as class consciousness, eliminated the dichotomy between ideology and science, gave ＂ideology＂ a neutral and affirmative connotation, and systematically argued the necessity of ＂inculcation＂ of ideology from many aspects. At the same time, Lenin introduced the concept of ＂party spirit＂ into the work of the press and public opinion, expounded the principle of party spirit in ideology, and established the fundamental guidelines of socialist ideological practice. In Lenin‘s view, to realize the revolutionary mobilization function of socialist ideology, it was necessary to cultivate organized ＂professional revolutionaries＂, to establish a party newspaper as an important position, and to pay attention to the ways and means of ideological and political education. After the victory of the October Revolution, Lenin actively explored ways to solve the ＂cultural poverty＂ of socialism, such as promoting the ＂cultural revolution＂ with the Soviet Party and government organs as the focus, and vigorously cultivating the ＂cultural revolution＂ for building communist society. These explorations accumulated useful experiences for socialist countries to resist the encroachment of bourgeois ideology and safeguard ideological security.Sorting out Lenin‘s important contributions to the development of Marxist ideological theory will help us further clarify the importance of ideological work, enhance the effectiveness of ideological work, and strengthen the sustainability of ideological work, so as to ensure a firm grasp of the leadership of ideological work.