国家作为一个抽象的概念和不易被直观感知的共同体实体，需要借助特定的象征物展现出来。纪念性空间是具有纪念碑功能特性的象征空间，是民族国家历史、政治与文化的集体表征，它以物质形态象征着共同体的精神内核。国家认同是个体对其所属国家的认知、情感、信仰等心理活动的总和，集体记忆、政治仪式、象征符号是培育国家认同的重要要素。天安门广场是当代中国最具代表性、最富功能性的纪念性空间，从明清时期封建君主“金凤颁诏”的仪式中心，到民国时期新民主主义革命兴起的红舞台，如今天安门广场已成为新中国的国家政治中心与空间象征体系，它不仅代表着新中国的主权、独立和尊严，沉淀了中华民族悠久的历史文化，也承载着中国人民的情感、精神和理想。天安门广场具有纪念空间、仪式空间、象征符号的功能属性，能够发挥营造记忆之场、承载仪式庆典、传播符号象征的国家认同功能。“记忆之场”侧重于增进国家认知，中国共产党选择天安门广场作为国家空间象征体系，新建了人民英雄纪念碑、人民大会堂、国家博物馆、毛主席纪念堂等纪念性建筑，营造出传承中华文脉、演绎革命历史、彰显执政理念的“记忆之场”，发挥着唤醒集体记忆与增进国家认知的国家认同功能。“仪式庆典”侧重于激发爱国情感，中国共产党在天安门广场举行游行、阅兵、升旗、悼念、献花、宣誓等仪式庆典活动，在全国范围内形成了示范效应，发挥着营造情感场域与激发爱国热情的国家认同功能。“符号象征”侧重于强化国家意识，天安门广场作为国家象征，能够借助国徽、邮票、货币、证件、报刊、教材、商标、诗词、歌曲等媒介广泛传播，发挥着传播民族文化与塑造国家形象的国家认同功能。记忆之场、仪式庆典、符号象征三种功能相互交织，建立起“知、情、意”三维一体的功能结构，构建出民族国家的“记忆之场”与象征体系，连接起历史、当下与未来的记忆，激发场所、区域与全国之间的共情，让人民从集体记忆、集体情感到集体信仰，建立国家认同感与爱国主义精神。

As an abstract concept and a community entity that is not easily perceived, a country needs to be presented through specific symbols. Monumental space is a symbolic space with the functional characteristics of a monument, which is a collective representation of the history, politics, and culture of a nation state. It symbolizes the spiritual core of a community in material form. National identity is the sum of individual‘s cognition, emotion, belief and other psychological activities about the country to which they belong. Collective memory, political ceremony and symbolic symbols are important elements to cultivate national identity. Tiananmen Square is the most representative and functional memorial space in contemporary China. From the ceremony center of the feudal monarch "Jinfeng" in the Ming and Qing Dynasties to the red stage of the rise of the New Democracy revolution in the Republic of China, today Tiananmen Square has become the national political center and space symbol system of the People‘s Republic of China. It not only represents the sovereignty, independence and dignity of the People‘s Republic of China, but also reflects the long history and culture of the Chinese nation, It also carries the emotions, spirit, and ideals of Chinese people.Tiananmen Square has the functional attributes of memorial space, ritual space and symbolic symbols, and can play the role of national identity in creating a place of memory, carrying ritual celebrations and spreading symbolic symbols. The "Les Lieux de Mémoire" focuses on enhancing national awareness. The CPC has chosen Tiananmen Square as the national space symbol system, and has built new monuments such as the Monument to the People‘s Heroes, the Great Hall of the People, the National Museum, and Chairman Mao‘s Memorial Hall. It has created a "Les Lieux de Mémoire" that inherits the Chinese culture, interprets revolutionary history, and highlights the ruling philosophy, playing the role of national identity that wakes up collective memory and enhances national awareness. The "ceremonial celebration" focuses on stimulating patriotic feelings. The CPC held a parade, military parade, flag raising, mourning, flower offering, oath taking and other ceremonial celebrations in Tiananmen Square, which has formed a demonstration effect nationwide, playing the role of national identity in creating an emotional field and stimulating patriotic enthusiasm. The "symbolic symbol" focuses on strengthening national consciousness. As a national symbol, Tiananmen Square can be widely spread by means of national emblem, stamps, currency, certificates, newspapers, textbooks, trademarks, poems, songs and other media, playing the role of national identity in spreading national culture and shaping national image. The three functions of memory field, ritual celebration and symbolic symbol are intertwined to establish a three-dimensional functional structure of "knowledge, emotion and meaning", build a "Les Lieux de Mémoire" and symbolic system of a nation state, connect the memory of history, the present and the future, stimulate empathy among places, regions and the whole country, enable people to build national identity and patriotism from collective memory, collective emotion to collective belief.