住房保障是社会和学界持续关注的重点,住房保障的政策措施伴随保障人群多元化、多层次居住需求而不断发展。青年对城市发展有着重要的影响,北京作为一个国际化大都市,其高质量发展需要吸引、留住多层次青年,而保障青年住房是其中重要和有效手段之一。北京于2022年提出的加快发展保障性租赁住房建设政策建议是北京解决青年住房问题的重要举措,旨在缓解新市民和青年的住房困难。随着政策的出台,北京通过了62个保障性租赁住房项目的审批,并试点面向应届高校毕业生的4个保障性租赁住房项目,目前的实施成果有待评估。关注政策和落地项目能否切实应对青年住房特征将成为本文的研究重点。本文研究的主要内容从政策制定、项目实施、住户评价三方面出发,针对青年住房的可支付性、居住品质和个人发展三个特征,展开北京保障性租赁住房政策内容的分析、项目实施的成效总结、住户对项目的评价结果,并在最后针对问题从政策制定、开发建设、运营管理出发提出可能的对策,以期完善北京保障性租赁住房政策应对青年住房特征的实施探索。在整理62个保障性租赁住房项目基础信息的基础上,选取其中5个具有代表性的保障性租赁住房项目,结合实地调研与访谈的内容总结项目特征,评价相关政策和建设标准在实施层面对青年住房保障的有效性。之后面向特定的住户人群开展线上线下的问卷调研和深度访谈,对青年住户的人群画像和项目评价进行描述。最后,基于对项目实施问题的总结与分析,提出保障性租赁住房政策的相关优化建议。
Housing security is the focus of continuous attention of society and academia, and the policies and measures of housing security continue to develop with the diversified and multi-level living needs of people. Youth have an important impact on urban development. Beijing, as an international metropolis, needs to attract and retain multi-level youth for its high-quality development, and youth housing is one of the important and effective means. The policy proposal of accelerating the development of affordable rental housing proposed by Beijing in 2022 is an important measure to solve the youth housing problem in Beijing, aiming to alleviate the housing difficulties of new citizens and young people. With the introduction of the policy, Beijing passed the approval of 62 affordable rental housing projects and piloted four affordable rental housing projects for fresh college graduates, the current implementation results are yet to be evaluated.Focusing on whether policies and projects can effectively cope with the characteristics of youth housing will become the focus of this thesis. The main content of this study is from the three aspects of policy formulation, project implementation, and household evaluation, aiming at the three characteristics of youth housing: affordability, living quality, and personal development, the analysis of Beijing‘s affordable rental housing policies, the summary of the effectiveness of project implementation and the evaluation results of households on the project are carried out. In the end, possible countermeasures are proposed from the perspective of policy formulation, development, construction, and operation management to improve the implementation and exploration of Beijing‘s affordable rental housing policy to cope with the characteristics of youth housing. Based on sorting out the basic information of 62 affordable rental housing projects, 5 representative affordable rental housing projects are selected, and the characteristics of the projects are summarized by combining the content of field investigation and interview, and the effectiveness of relevant policies and construction standards on the implementation level of youth housing security is evaluated. After that, online and offline questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews were carried out for specific household groups, and crowd portraits and project evaluations of young households were described. Finally, based on the summary and analysis of the project implementation problems, the relevant optimization suggestions for affordable rental housing policy are put forward.