近年来,建筑工业化受到社会各界的广泛关注。模块化建筑是建筑工业化的重要成果,因其标准化的特质与低成本的优势被广泛应用。本文聚焦的建筑立面是其中重要的应用分支领域。然而当下模块化建筑立面在设计与建造过程中存在诸多问题,如设计形式单一、制造产业链不成熟等,不利于模块化建筑立面产业的健康发展。因此如何使得模块化建筑立面设计兼顾标准化与美观化,成为了当下建筑业亟需研究解决的重要课题。本文基于当下教育设施稀缺的社会背景,在社会调研、理论分析的基础上,选取中小学建筑为研究建筑类型,对模块化立面设计方法及应用进行了深入的研究。通过调研国内外模块化建筑立面的理论基础及实践案例,引入模块化层级划分原理,对模块化建筑立面的拆分原则、系统框架及设计流程进行梳理归纳,建立模块化建筑立面设计系统。从立面拆分、模块设计及模块组合出发,提出了兼具美观性、多样性、标准性及经济性的模块化建筑立面设计策略。为了提高模块化立面设计与建造流程之间的联系,本文基于大量的文献阅读对建造环节进行了理论研究,从基于不同材料的立面单元自拼接、立面单元与建筑主体拼接两个角度出发,围绕构件集成、批量定制生产及程序化装配等工序进行研究分析,试图提出一套基于理论研究的相对完整的建造施工工序提案,供产业发展参考。最后选取深圳市锦龙小学为试点项目进行研究成果的实践应用,得到兼具美观、多样与实用的建筑外立面成果。本文提出的模块化建筑立面设计方法有助于提高中小学建筑立面的设计效率与质量。研究成果可以为教育类型的建筑立面设计提供设计指导,也可为其它类型的建筑立面设计提供借鉴,共同推动模块化建筑立面的发展与应用。
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the industrialization of architecture, with modular architecture being a significant achievement in architectural industrialization due to its standardized quality and cost advantages. This paper focuses on the building envelope, which is an important application subfield of modular architecture design. However, there are several challenges in the design and construction stage of modular envelope, such as unappealing design outcomes and an immature modular component manufacturing chain. These challenges hinder the healthy development of the modular building envelope industry. Therefore, this paper addresses the important issue of developing modular building envelope design that considers both standardization and aesthetics.Against the backdrop of inadequate educational facilities, this paper examines the design method and application of modular building envelope in primary and secondary school buildings through social research and theoretical analysis. By investigating the theoretical basis and practical cases of modular building envelope in China and abroad, the paper introduces the principle of modular hierarchy division, modular building envelope splitting method, system framework, and design process, leading to the establishment of a modular building envelope design system. The paper proposes a modular building fa?ade design strategy with aesthetics, diversity, standardization, and economy by addressing envelope splitting, module design, and module combination.To improve the connection between modular envelope design and the construction process, the paper conducts a theoretical study based on extensive literature review, analyzing self-assembly of envelope units based on different materials, and the assembly of envelope units with the building itself. The paper proposes a relatively complete set of construction process proposals for reference in industrial development by researching and analyzing the processes of modular envelope parts connection, mass customization, and programmed assembly system.In conclusion, this paper contributes to the research on the industrialization of construction by addressing the challenges associated with modular building envelope design and construction, proposing a modular building envelope design strategy with aesthetics, diversity, standardization, and economy, and suggesting a relatively complete set of construction process proposals for industrial development.Finally, the research findings are practically applied in a project at Shenzhen Jinlong Primary School, where the building envelope achieves both aesthetic appeal and practical functionality. The proposed modular building envelope design method enhances the efficiency and quality of building envelope design in primary and secondary schools. These research outcomes offer valuable design guidance for educational building envelope design and can serve as a reference for other types of building envelope design. Furthermore, the findings can contribute to the development and application of modular building envelope.