司法裁判在转委托案例中通常采取违法转委托路径，以保护委托人的权利。但是，当委托人想直接向第三人主张权利时，便认定转委托经委托人同意或追认。在转委托的合法性问题上，法院的态度过于摇摆。本文提出以权力的移转作为转委托概念的核心要素，将其与债之移转相区分。转委托规范的处理重点为内部关系，复代理为外部关系。在解决了转委托的定性问题，并对“严格控制转委托的司法政策”进行批判，论证了转委托具有合法性后，本文提出的解决路径为：适法转委托中受托人的责任减轻规定之解释，和委托人对第三人的直接请求权之建构。第一，对《民法典》第923条第3句的责任减轻规定进行解释时须注意，转委托为部分转委托，或者依据委托人和受托人之间的意思表示受托人负有监督义务的，不适用责任减轻规定。选任委托指选任有能力处理事务的第三人为受托人自始负有的义务，构成经委托人默示同意的转委托，原则上适用责任减轻规定。第二，保护委托人利益的路径还包括允许其直接向第三人主张权利。但是，其请求权基础非《民法典》第925条、第926条的代理公开、代理不公开法则，亦非同法第537条的代位权“直接受偿”规则。应对《民法典》第923条第3句的“直接指示”进行法解释，在我国转委托法则中建构出委托人对第三人的直接请求权，其理论基础不是适法转委托下的合同说。在公平原则下，第三人对委托人负有处理事务的义务，为委托人提供额外的担保，这亦适用于违法转委托。“直接指示”的内容可包括：因第三人未完成委托事务，委托人要求第三人直接向其返还委托费用；委托人要求第三人直接向其返还处理事务之所得；因第三人违反勤勉义务，委托人直接向其主张合同性质的损害赔偿等。第三，在转委托中第三人的权利保护方面，第三人不享有对委托人的直接请求权。第三人可以其与受托人之间的抗辩事由对抗委托人。适法转委托中，第三人可对其占有的委托人的物行使留置权。

Judicial judgments usually adopt the approach of illegal sub-mandate in cases of sub-mandate to protect the rights of the principal. However, when the principal wants to directly claim rights against a third party, it is thought that the sub-mandate is approved or ratified by the principal. On the issue of the legitimacy of sub-mandate, the court‘s attitude is too swaying. This paper proposes to take the delegation of power as the core element of the concept of sub-mandate, and to distinguish it from the transfer of debt. The rule of sub-mandate emphasizes the internal relationship, while the sub-agent emphasizes the external relationship. After resolving the problem of the qualification of sub-mandate, criticizing ‘the judicial policy of strictly controlling the sub-mandate’, and demonstrating the legitimacy of sub-mandate, the solution proposed in this paper is as follows: the interpretation of the rule of the mitigated liability of the mandatary in the legal sub-mandate, and the construction of the principal‘s right of direct action to a third party. Fistly, when interpreting the mitigated liability provision in the article 923, sentence 3 of the Civil Code, it is necessary to pay attention to the fact that when the sub-mandate is partial, or the mandatary owes the duty of supervision basing on the manifestation of intention between the principal and the mandatary, the provision of mitigated liability does not apply. The mandate to appoint means that choosing a third party capable of dealing with the affairs is the obligation owned by the mandatary from the beginning, it construes the sub-mandate that has been impliedly authorized by the principal. In principle, the provision of mitigated liability applies. Secondly, the way to protect the interests of the principal also includes allowing him to directly claim rights against a third party. However, the basis of his claim is not the rule of disclosed agency or that of undisclosed agency in Articles 925 and 926 of the Civil Code, nor is it the ‘direct payment’ rule of the action oblique in Article 537 of the Civil Code. The legal interpretation should be given to the ‘direct instruction’ in the third sentence of Article 923 of the Civil Code, and the right of direct action owed by the principal against the third party should be constructed in our law of sub-mandate. Based on the principle of equity, the third party has the obligation to deal with the principal‘s affairs and provide additional guaranty for the principal, and it is also applied to illegal sub-mandate. The content of ‘direct instruction’ may include that when the third party does complete the affairs, the principal requires the third party to directly return the mandate fee; the principal requests the third party to directly return the income from dealing with the affairs; when the third party does not obey the duty of diligence, the principal directly claims compensation for damages on contractual basis. Thirdly, as to the protection of rights of third parties, the third party has not the right of direct action to the third party, but he can oppose the principal on the basis of the defense between him and the mandatary, and in legal sub-mandate, the third party can exercise a lien on the property of the principal in the former’s possession.