可穿戴柔性电子技术是医疗健康监测，尤其是心血管疾病监测的发展趋势之一。脉搏波是评估心血管健康的重要信息来源，但属于非平稳弱信号，对检测端的灵敏度与稳定性具有较高要求。高血压是威胁人类健康的沉默杀手，但目前缺少诊室外连续血压监测的有效工具。尽管柔性传感器的研究趋势正从单模态传感向多模态传感发展，但仍存在结构复杂、制造成本高等共性关键技术问题。针对以上问题，本文以石墨烯柔性传感技术研究为核心，开发多级分支微结构柔性压力器和压力-温度双模态传感器，构建可穿戴式柔性传感健康监测系统并开展应用研究。主要研究内容包括：（1）提出了多级分支微结构柔性压力传感策略，构建了基于多级分支微结构的高灵敏度、宽传感范围柔性压力传感器。该结构实现了有源层传导通路的逐渐激活与进一步加强，能够显著提升压力传感器性能，在结构可调性和拓展性方面具有显著优势。传感器被成功应用于多种医疗健康检测场景。（2）提出了类感知CAMKformer无袖带血压检测算法，构建了可穿戴式柔性传感健康监测系统。该系统以上述压力传感器为核心，能够稳定跟踪志愿者脉搏波并识别心率失常等心血管状态。类感知CAMKformer无袖带血压检测算法弥补了传统袖带式血压检测方法需要加压的短板，能够在对使用者无干扰下的情况下进行血压检测，在高血压早期预警、提升高血压控制率方面具有临床应用价值。（3）提出了基于频域解析的压力-温度双模态传感模型与信号解耦算法，并构建了相应的柔性压力-温度双模态传感器。针对多模态传感与信号解耦的问题，通过将结构的力学特性和材料的电学特性融合，实现了基于单一传感器的压力-温度双模态感知，拓展了传感器的感知维度，在可穿戴健康监测、多模态电子皮肤、智能假肢方面具有潜在应用价值。综上所述，本文从解决可穿戴健康监测和多模态传感的共性关键技术问题出发，提出并开发了多级分支微结构柔性压力传感器，构建了可穿戴柔性传感健康监测系统，建立了类感知CAMKformer无袖带血压检测算法和基于频域解析的双模态传感器，并验证了其应用价值。这些工作有望为即时心血管健康监测系统与应用研究、多模态电子皮肤的开发提供重要技术支持。关键词：柔性电子；多级分支结构；可穿戴系统；无袖带血压检测；多模态传感

Wearable flexible electronic technology is one of the developing trends in medical health monitoring, especially cardiovascular disease monitoring. Pulse waves are an important source of information to assess cardiovascular health, but it is a non-stationary weak signal, which has a high requirement on the sensitivity and stability of the detection terminal. Hypertension is a silent killer that threatens human health, but there is currently a lack of effective tools for continuous blood pressure monitoring outside the clinic. Although the research trend of flexible sensors is developing from single-mode sensing to multi-mode sense, some common key technical problems still exist, such as complex structures and high manufacturing costs.In view of the above problems, this paper focused on the research of graphene flexible sensing technology, developed hierarchical branching microstructure flexible pressure sensors and pressure-temperature dual-mode sensors, constructed a wearable flexible sensing health monitoring system, and carried out application research. The main research contents include:(1) A hierarchical branching micro-structure flexible pressure sensing strategy was proposed, and a flexible pressure sensor with high sensitivity and wide sensing range was constructed based on the hierarchical branching micro-structure. The structure realized the gradual activation and further strengthening of the conduction path of the active layer, which can significantly improve the performance of the pressure sensor. It has significant advantages in structural adjustability and scalability. The sensor has been successfully applied in various medical and health detection scenarios.(2) A class-aware CAMKformer cuffless blood pressure detection algorithm was proposed, and a wearable flexible sensing health monitoring system was constructed. The system was based on the pressure sensor described above, which can stably track the volunteers‘ pulse wave signals and identify cardiovascular conditions such as arrhythmias. The class-aware CAMKformer cuffless blood pressure detection algorithm compensates for the shortcomings of traditional cuff-based blood pressure detection methods that require pressure. It can detect blood pressure without interference to users, which has clinical application value in early warning of hypertension and improving the hypertension control rate.(3) A pressure-temperature dual-mode sensing model and signal decoupling algorithm based on frequency domain analysis was proposed, and the corresponding flexible pressure-temperature dual-mode sensor was constructed. Aiming at the problem of multi-mode sensing and signal decoupling, by integrating the mechanical properties of the structure with electrical properties of the material, pressure-temperature dual-mode sensing based on a single sensor has been realized, which expands the sensing dimension of the sensor, and has the potential application value in wearable health monitoring, multi-mode electronic skin, and intelligent prosthesis.In summary, starting from solving the common key technical issues of wearable health monitoring and multimodal sensing, this paper proposed and developed a hierarchical branching microstructure flexible pressure sensor, established a class-aware CAMKformer cuffless blood pressure detection algorithm, and a dual-mode sensing model based on frequency domain analysis, constructed a wearable flexible sensing health monitoring system and a dual-mode sensor, and verified their application value. These works are expected to provide important technical support for the research of real-time cardiovascular health monitoring systems and applications, and the development of multi-mode electronic skin.Keywords: flexible electronics; hierarchical branching structure; wearable system; cuffless blood pressure detection; multimode sensing