《治邦之道》《治政之道》兩部分文獻最初分別刊佈於《清華大學藏戰國竹簡》第八輯、第九輯中，第九輯整理者認爲其可連讀爲一篇罕見的長篇先秦政論類文獻。本文綜合整理者及諸家字詞訓釋意見，擬定《治政之道 治邦之道》連讀文本。後文在此基礎上，將文本表述的治政思想傾向與其他先秦秦漢文獻進行對讀，試圖作出梳理和判斷。同時，本文還從幾個具體的側面對《治政之道》《治邦之道》的連讀問題、文本性質問題進行了討論。《治政之道》《治邦之道》由三位書手（含兩位主要書手和一位校改書手）共同寫就。其中，不同書手抄寫的部分中均出現了文字使用、符號使用的某種一致性。以{貨}、樂、遠、興為例，《治政之道》《治邦之道》均採用了不常見於清華簡中的文字寫法。同時，兩部分文本中也均具有斷讀符號較多、含有無斷讀作用的墨點符號的用符特點。這種特征可能承襲自《治政》《治邦》共同的底本。同時，《治政》《治邦》文本思想內容貫通，同文現象頻出；文本邏輯前後呼應，均從“君民關係”“君臣關係”“內政外交關係”進行了正反論證。因此，《治政》《治邦》可以連讀為一篇文獻《治政之道 治邦之道》。《治政之道 治邦之道》文本與其他先秦文獻之間具有思想互見現象，其秉持的具體治政思想也多見於傳世典籍。文本作者通過化用、擬托等形式，運用一些“先秦公共學術資源”來表述自己的治政理念，其核心觀點大部分合於戰國末期王官學與諸子學的公共觀點，如“上下各有其修”“興人”“民本”“施教”等；少部分迥異於戰國末期主流思想傾向，而能在一些子學作品中找到痕跡，如墨家之“非命”、儒家之“修身”等。綜合來看，難以簡單地用某個具體學派來劃歸其思想性質。先秦文本性質及文本生成問題非常複雜。《治政之道 治邦之道》成文於戰國晚期可能性大；其性質應屬抄本而非底本，且抄寫潦草，形制特殊。《治政之道 治邦之道》通篇極言興人舉士，其目的應當不僅僅是爲了闡述“興人”對於治理邦家有正面作用的治政觀點，也暗含了文本作者希望通過此類政論文本干謁王侯、使自身達到被“興舉”的最終目的。這合於春秋以降，商周時期以封建宗法制爲核心的世族政治被打破，階層上升通道被打通的社會情境。
《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》are originally published in the 8th and 9th series of the《Bamboo slips of warring States Period collected in Tsinghua university》separately . However, the trimmers of the 9th series considered the two as a rare and undivided long argument article on pre-Qin political text。After putting together all the ideas of the trimmers and other thinkers about the words explanation,I attempt to organize and make a judgment to the ideological trend stated in this text through reading and comparing. In this paper, draw a conclusion that the text《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》may be an undivided literature.Meanwhile, the liaison and the text nature about《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》are also discussed from several aspects in this paper.《The way of governance》and 《The way of Governing the state》were written by three copiers, two of whom were mainly in charge of copying,the rest one checked and made corrections. in the copying process,the different parts they separately copied took on much consistence in the way they used words and punctuation. take 貨、樂、遠、興as an example,in 《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》,the four characters were copied in the way different from the written method in 《Qinghua bamboo slips》. Meanwhile, the two texts have an outstanding feature - using lots of punctuation with no relevant functions.All of the features may originated from the master copy of 《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》. What‘s more, there exist lots of coalescent contents and the same texts appeared many times in《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》. In addition, all the texts echo back and forth,demonstrating the relationship between kings and ministers,kings and common people, internal affairs and diplomacy from positive and negative aspects.Therefore,《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》can be read as an undivided literature.the coexisting phenomenon between the text《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》and other Pre-Qin documents exist, and the specific thought of governing politics it advocated can be seen in some handed-down classics. In this literature the author showed his thought of governing politics by quoting indirectly, reasoning through false history and using some Pre-Qin public resources, the majority of whose core ideas meet with the public opinions of the scholars at that time and Confucian classics such as “Each class has its own responsibilities” and the conception of “recommending others as talents ” and so on, However, the minority of its core ideas are obviously different from the main stream thought trend at the end of Warring States Period such as “negating manifest destiny”Confucian concept of self-cultivation etc. In general, it is hard to sort up its thoughts through a certain specific school of thought. Pre-Qin text’s origin and generation are very complex. The literature《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》was possibly finished in the late warring States Period and it is more like a copy with sloppy handwriting and special structure rather than an original work. More over,《The way of Governance》and《The way of Governing the state》strongly recommend the policy of talent recommendation, not only aimed at stating its political conception of recommending others as talents but also making self-recommendation by visiting the nobles with the political papers, which meet with the social environment where Shang and Zhou’s traditional clan politics were broken and the door to upper class was opened up.
