随着移动通信网络技术的高速发展，毫米波相控阵在工业生产和日常生活中的应用日益显著。5G通信和低轨卫星通信的普及，使得Ka波段的相控阵应用更加广泛，迫切需要在传统设计基础上进行创新设计，以实现相控阵芯片的小型化和低成本化。本文基于Ka波段4通道相控阵接收机芯片，对片内关键模块进行了紧凑化设计，并将该芯片与天线相结合，采用低成本的封装方案，完整的搭建了单颗芯片4通道相控阵系统，并完成了256通道相控阵系统的设计。本设计基于65 nm CMOS工艺，完成了从Ka波段相控阵接收机芯片关键模块设计、封装天线设计到256通道的相控阵系统的设计，对芯片的关键性能、4通道相控阵系统的性能进行了测试验证。本文分析了相控阵接收机的工作原理，以此凸显多通道相控阵的潜在应用价值。针对相控阵芯片模块多、单通道面积大的问题，本文在LNA和ATT的设计中采用了8字型电感技术，使得芯片布局更为紧凑，大幅度减小了版图面积。为了提高通道噪声系数，在LNA中采用基于三线圈变压器和寄生电容的双前馈技术，在保证电路稳定性的同时，提高LNA的增益至15.88 dB，优化噪声系数至2.38 dB。针对单端DA电路带宽较窄的问题，本文设计了基于变压器匹配网络的共源差分放大器，可实现了21 dB的增益和22.8~32.2 GHz的带宽。为提高相控阵对增益的调节范围，本文设计了6-bit的选通式衰减器，采用8字型双圈大电感和寄生电容的双补偿技术，减小附加相移至2.02°。为减小移相器的插入损耗，本文设计了基于矢量合成结构的移相器，实现了大的移相范围(0~360°)和较高的精度。芯片扎针测试结果表明，在1.0 V的电源电压下，直流功耗为389 mW，峰值频点位于27 GHz处，四通道的平均增益约为14.97 dB，3-dB带宽为25.7~28.3 GHz，最低噪声系数为4.77 dB；系统衰减RMS误差小于0.2 dB，附加相移RMS小于4°；系统移相RMS误差小于0.22°，附加增益衰减RMS小于0.17 dB。为了降低应用成本和开发时间，本文设计了基于wire bonding封装方案的天线测试PCB。对Ka波段相控阵天线进行了设计，在4通道相控阵系统中设计了4×12的阵列天线，在256通道系统中设计了16×16的阵列天线。在完成相位校准的基础上，对16QAM的调制信号进行空口测试，测得最高可达2.2472%的EVM。

With the rapid development of mobile communication network technology, the application of millimeter-wave phased array in industrial production and daily life is becoming more and more significant. The popularization of 5G communication and low-orbit satellite communication has made Ka-band phased arrays more widely used, and it is urgent to carry out innovative designs based on traditional designs to achieve miniaturization and cost reduction of phased array chips. In this thesis, based on the Ka-band 4-channel phased array receiver chip, the key modules in the chip are compactly designed, and the chip is combined with the antenna, and a 4-channel phased array system is completely built by using a low-cost packaging solution, and also the design of the 256-channel phased array system is completed.This design is based on 65 nm CMOS technology, and completes the design of the key modules of the Ka-band phased array receiver chip, the package antenna design, and the design of the 256-channel phased array system. The key performance of the chip and the 4-channel phased array system performance is tested and verified. This thesis analyzes the working principle of the phased array receiver to highlight the potential application of the multi-channel phased array. Aiming at the problem of many phased array chip modules and large single-channel area, this paper adopts figure-eight inductor technology in the design of LNA and ATT, which makes the chip layout more compact and miniaturized. In order to improve the channel noise figure, the double feed-forward technology based on the three-coil transformer and parasitic capacitance is adopted in the LNA. While ensuring the circuit stability, the gain of the LNA is increased to 15.88 dB, and the noise figure is optimized to 2.38 dB. Aiming at the problem of narrow bandwidth of single-ended DA circuit, a common source differential amplifier based on transformer matching network is designed in this paper, which can achieve a gain of 21 dB and a bandwidth of 22.8~32.2 GHz. In order to improve the adjustment range of the gain of the phased array pair, a 6-bit strobe attenuator is designed in this paper, and the double compensation technology of 8-shaped double-circle large inductance and parasitic capacitance is used to reduce the additional phase shift to 2.02°. In order to reduce the insertion loss of the phase shifter, a phase shifter based on vector synthesis structure is designed in this paper, which realizes a large phase shift range (0~360°) and high precision.The chip under probe test results show that the DC power consumption is 389 mW at a power supply voltage of 1.0 V, the peak frequency is at 27 GHz, the average gain of the four channels is about 14.97 dB, the 3-dB bandwidth is 25.7~28.3 GHz, and the lowest noise figure is 4.77 dB; the system attenuation RMS error is less than 0.2 dB, the additional phase shift RMS is less than 4°; the system phase shift RMS error is less than 0.22°, and the additional gain attenuation RMS is less than 0.17 dB. The Ka-band phased array antenna is designed, a 4×12 array antenna is designed in the single-core system, and a 16×16 array antenna is designed in the multi-core system. On the basis of completing the phase calibration, the 16-QAM modulated signal is tested over the air, and the highest EVM is measured up to 2.247%.