从1978年邓小平提出“要实行考核制度”到2019年中共中央办公厅颁布《党政领导干部考核工作条例》，我国的干部考核制度在经历长达40年的探索之后终于以正式的党内法规的形式确定下来。根据《党章》中规定“积极推进干部制度改革”，这要求我国的干部考核制度必须也将长期处于不断地改革进程之中。那么，哪些因素或什么样的制度逻辑影响了我国干部考核制度的制度变迁？为探究上述问题，本文从宏观分析了我国干部考核制度与干部制度的关系，论述了我国干部政策的历史沿革，这是形成我国干部考核制度核心价值观的重要历史根源，也是干部考核制度构建制度法制体系所基于的历史传统。我国建构干部考核制度一般通过党中央印发党内法规政策来推动，制度变迁的成果也通过党中央颁布党内法规来集中体现，而法规条文的变动过程就是制度变迁的外在表现。因此，本文通过梳理我国干部考核制度的相关政策法规的制定及变迁情况为主要脉络来展示我国干部考核制度变迁的发展历程。文章还在深度调研的基础上补充了一个地方层级具体实践的案例研究，希望以此展示地方层级在探索干部考核制度“落地”实践过程中形成的具体实践模式。根据本文的研究发现：我国干部考核制度总体呈现动态的不断进行制度变迁的状态，其主要表现为法规政策的变迁，但基于组织目的形成的“内部规则”主导了法规政策制定（“外部规则”）的方向；中国共产党（“组织”）为实现其组织目的（“内部规则”）而推动干部考核制度的制度变迁，其中最初的目的（“短期组织目的”）是为了通过干部考核制度的激励机制来提高政府效率、推动经济发展，但当短期目的与长期目的（组织推行制度的核心目的）之间产生矛盾时，即“内部规则”之间的冲突便引起了“外部规则”的变迁，其目标开始转为树立正确的政绩观并在制度变迁过程中形成了以“政治首位”为核心的干部考核制度，而“政治首位”原则的形成是基于中国共产党的历史传统。此外，我国干部考核制度变迁中，由中央主导改革的推行并提供制度框架及完善相关的法规政策，而具体实践内容由地方主要负责创新，但必须以中央精神为前提等。

From 1978 when Deng Xiaoping proposed to "implement the assessment system" to 2019 when the General Office of the CPC Central Committee issued the "Regulations on the Assessment of Party and Government Leading Cadres" (hereinafter referred to as the "Regulations on The Assessment of Cadres"), China‘s cadre assessment system has finally been finalized in the form of formal inner-Party laws and regulations after 40 years of exploration.?According to the provisions of the "Party constitution" "actively promote the reform of the cadre system", which requires our country‘s cadre assessment system must also be in the process of continuous reform for a long time.?So, what factors or what kind of system logic has affected the institutional change of our country‘s cadre assessment system?In order to explore the above issues, this article analyzes the relationship between the cadre assessment system and the cadre system from a macro perspective, and discusses the historical evolution of China‘s cadre policies. This is an important historical source for forming the core values of China‘s cadre assessment system, and is also the historical tradition on which the cadre assessment system builds the institutional legal system. The construction of the cadre assessment system in China is generally promoted through the issuance of inner-party regulations and policies by the Party Central Committee, and the results of institutional change are also centrally reflected through the issuance of inner-party regulations by the Party Central Committee. The process of changing the provisions of regulations is the external manifestation of institutional change. Therefore, this article aims to demonstrate the development process of China‘s cadre assessment system by sorting out the formulation and changes of relevant policies and regulations of China‘s cadre assessment system. The article also adds a case study of specific practices at the local level based on in-depth research, hoping to demonstrate the specific practical model formed during the exploration of the "implementation" of the cadre assessment system at the local level.According to the findings of this article, China‘s cadre assessment system generally presents a dynamic and continuous state of institutional change, mainly manifested in changes in regulations and policies, but "internal rules" formed based on organizational purposes dominate the direction of regulations and policies formulation ("external rules"); The CPC ("organization") promotes the institutional change of the cadre assessment system in order to achieve its organizational purpose ("internal rules"). The initial purpose ("short-term organizational purpose") is to improve government efficiency and promote economic development through the incentive mechanism of the cadre assessment system. However, when there is a conflict between the short-term purpose and the long-term purpose (the core purpose of the organization to implement the system), That is, the conflict between the "internal rules" has caused the change of the "external rules". Its goal has begun to turn to establishing a correct view of political achievements and forming a cadre assessment system with "political first" as the core in the process of institutional change. The formation of the "political first" principle is based on the historical tradition of the CPC. In addition, during the transition of the cadre assessment system in China, the central government has led the implementation of the reform and provided the institutional framework and improved relevant regulations and policies. The specific practical content is mainly responsible for innovation by the local government, but must be premised on the spirit of the central government.