本文是根据书手的用字习惯释读简文、检视释读意见合理性的一个尝试。论文以清华大学藏战国竹简为研究对象，从书手的角度探讨其中的一词多形现象。本文对清华简各书手的用字习惯及书写习惯进行了较为全面的梳理，在此基础上提出了根据书手独特的用字习惯和书手群共同的用字习惯释读简文的方法，并以此解决了一些简文释读中众说纷纭的问题。在现有战国楚简字迹分类方法的基础上，本文结合文件检验领域“同源笔迹可变性特征”理论，提出了以“写法”为核心的楚简字迹分类方法。对书手书写层面的相对稳定性和系统内区别性的探讨，是以书手的书写习惯及用字习惯为依据，进行简文释读的基础。从整体來看，由多个书手书写系统共同构成的清华简呈现出显著的一字异写现象，而个别来看，各书手书写系统内部一字异写现象并不突出，这反映了书手书写具有相对稳定性。楚文字范围内常见的异字同形现象在同一书手书写系统中极少发生，这反映了书写系统内的区别性。书手书写层面的这两种属性提示我们，释读文字时应首先考虑书手本人的书写习惯。通过对清华简整体用字情况梳理的分析，本文认为清华简用字整体上以稳定为主，造成用字不稳定现象的原因主要在于底本、书手和词本身的用字不固定三方面。在对用字不稳定现象的原因有所了解的基础上，就可以将书手个人的用字习惯及与其处于同一时空范围内的书手群共同的用字习惯作为释读简文时的首要依据。通过对清华简用字现象中“违背用字习惯的现象”的分析，本文厘清了“书手的用字违背了清华简共同用字习惯”与“书手具有独特的用字习惯”之间的区别，对违背现象进行了分层梳理，并整理了清华简各书手独特的用字习惯，对清华简用字中各个层面的违背现象做了集中呈现，并分析其原因。根据本文提出的依据书手的用字习惯释读简文、检视释读意见合理性的方法，本文检视了四十余条存在异说的释读意见，对其成立的可能性逐一进行判断；并依据这一方法提出了十余条简文释读的新见解。

This thesis is an attempt to inspect Bamboo slips interpretation according to the character habits of the writers, and examine the rationality of interpretation opinions. Taking Tsinghua Bamboo slips of warring States period as the research object, this thesis take in ‘writers’, or to say ‘hands’ as a new research perspective, to research the polymorphic phenomenon in character of Chu state of warring States.Combining existing research methods with documentation inspection research theories, this thesis presents a new method of handwriting classification.The first chapter classified the writers of Tsinghua bamboo slips, according to the new method this thesis presented, some of controversial issue has been solved.The second chapter studies the stability in handwriting of bamboo slip writers. This study is the basic of the new method the thesis attempts to present. In Tsinghua bamboo slips, writing is relatively stable. The common phenomenon of different character using in Chu writing system rarely occurs in a specific handwriting system, which reflects the difference in writing system.The third chapter study character using habits. According to the research of this chapter,The reasons for the different character using can be identify as three aspects: master copy, writer, and variability in character using. Based on these reasons, the common character using habits can be regard as the main evidence in interpretation of bamboo slips.According to the analysis of the phenomenon of breaking the habit of character using in Tsinghua bamboo slips, this thesis clarifies the difference between "the calligrapher violates the common character usage habit" and "the calligrapher has unique character usage habit"According to the method proposed in this thesis to interpret bamboo slips and to examine the rationality of interpretation opinions, the forth chapter examined more than forty cases of controversial opinions, using the character using habits of the writers as main evidence, and put forward more than ten new opinions in Tsinghua bamboo slips interpretation.