燃气轮机是我国实现“双碳目标”，推进能源系统清洁低碳转型的重要装备，在发电运行中面临故障风险高、负荷变化频繁的挑战，有保障其安全、可靠、高效运行的重大需求。本文立足于电站燃气轮机运行，为燃气轮机性能监测与运行优化建立模型工具，开发燃气轮机性能分析方法，形成燃气轮机最优运行策略制定的能力，进而提高燃气轮机总体性能研究的水平，为电站燃气轮机性能监测及运行优化的工程实践提供指导，为电站燃气轮机设计提供支撑。 本文建立了考虑压气机进口可调导叶（IGV）、燃烧室分级燃烧、透平冷却的燃气轮机机理模型，并且采用某典型M701F燃气轮机的现场运行数据进行了模型验证，误差绝对值最大为5.74%，通过与公开文献中模型比对证明精度满足性能分析要求。研究了IGV开度和透平进口温度对NOx排放的影响。研究发现，NOx排放在任一IGV开度下随透平进口温度的增大均先增大后减小；在透平进口温度较低时随IGV增大而减小，在透平进口温度较高时随IGV开度增大而增大。 建立了基于主导因素法的燃气轮机机理数据混合模型，并且采用某典型PG9171E燃气轮机的现场运行数据进行了模型验证，压气机、燃烧室和透平各部件出口温度相对误差绝对值平均值低于0.3%，最大值低于1%，出口压力相对误差绝对值的平均值低于0.8%。研究发现，该混合模型精度高，为燃气轮机性能监测提供了准确可靠的工具，与机理模型共同形成了服务于燃气轮机运行研究的模型基础。 研究了多重约束集成作用下的燃气轮机运行域，根据约束将运行域划分为可行区域、可选区域、风险区域和无效区域，计算了不同环境温度、环境压力、环境相对湿度和燃料成分下的燃气轮机运行域，揭示了燃气轮机在改变环境条件和燃料成分时的变工况性能规律，可以为燃气轮机电厂的运行提供指导，帮助技术人员掌握不同情景下燃气轮机的安全、可靠、高效运行范围。 开发了基于运行域的燃气轮机运行策略分析与最优运行策略制定方法，研究了不同运行策略的变负荷调节路径及过程中各参数变化规律，以安全性、热经济性、环保性等指标最优为目标，组合采用进口可调导叶（IGV）调节、透平进口温度（TIT）调节、透平出口温度（TOT）调节等多种调节方式，确定相应调节方式调节路径，形成了制定燃气轮机在不同需求下最优运行策略的能力。

Gas turbine is an important equipment for China to achieve carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals and promote the clean and low-carbon transformation of energy system. Challenges are identified for gas turbine, such as high failure risk and frequent load regulation in power generation. Thus, to ensure safe, reliable and efficient operation of gas turbine is of vital importance. This study focuses on the operation of gas turbines in power plants, establishes model tools for gas turbine performance monitoring and operation optimization, develops gas turbine performance analysis methods, develops the method to formulate gas turbine optimized operation strategies, provides references for the operation of gas turbines in power plants, and then improves the level of gas turbine overall performance research, provides guidance for the engineering practice of gas turbine performance monitoring and operation optimization in power plants. In this study, a gas turbine mechanism model was established, which compressor inlet guide vanes (IGV), combustor staged combustion and turbine cooling were taken into account. This model was validated by comparing the results of the model with the field operation data of a typical M701F gas turbine. The maximal percentage error was 5.74%, which proved that the accuracy of the results calculated by the model met the requirements of performance analysis by comparing with the published literature. Impacts of IGV angle and turbine inlet temperature on NOx emission were studied. It can be found that as the increase of turbine inlet temperature at any fixed IGV angle, NOx emission first increased and then decreased. With the increase of IGV angle, NOx emission decreased when the turbine inlet temperature is low, and increased when the turbine inlet temperature is high. A gas turbine mechanism-data hybrid model was established based on the dominant factor method, and the model was validated by comparing the results of the model with the field operation data of a typical PG9171E gas turbine. As for the outputs of the model, such as the relative errors of compressor outlet temperature, combustor outlet temperature and turbine outlet temperature, average absolute values and maximum values of the relative errors were all less than 0.3% and 1%, respectively. Average absolute values of relative errors of compressor outlet pressure and turbine outlet temperature were both less than 0.8%. It had been found that the hybrid model had high accuracy, which provided an accurate and reliable tool for gas turbine performance monitoring. This hybrid model and the mechanism model formed the model basis for gas turbine operation research. Besides, the gas turbine operation window under the integration of multiple constraints was studied. According to the constraints, the operation window was divided into feasible region, optional region, risk region and invalid region. The gas turbine operation windows were calculated under different ambient temperature, ambient pressure, ambient relative humidity and fuel composition. This paper revealed logics of gas turbine off design performance when changing ambient conditions and fuel composition, which can provide guidance for gas turbine operation in power plants and help technicians in mastering the safe, reliable and efficient operation range of gas turbine under different conditions. The method of gas turbine operation strategy analysis and optimized operation strategy formulation based on operation windows was developed. The load regulation trajectory and the variation logics of each parameter under different operation strategies were studied. Aiming at the optimization of safety, thermal economic and environmental protection, the regulation trajectory is determined by combining the inlet guide vanes (IGV) regulation, turbine inlet temperature (TIT) regulation, turbine outlet temperature (TOT) regulation and other regulation methods. The method to determine optimized operation strategies of gas turbine under different requirements was developed.