我国承包商在国际工程建设市场中扮演着越来越重要的地位。但同时，对国际工程技术标准的误解和使用不当也成为国际工程项目管理的关键问题。现有文献对技术标准的研究仍偏于现象观察与讨论，缺乏系统的理论分析，也欠缺实证研究支持。对此，本研究提出了中外技术标准差异分析框架，构建了中外技术标准差异对国际工程项目实施的影响机理理论模型，并通过问卷调研、访谈和案例分析对模型进行了实证检验，主要工作和成果如下：第一，提出了中外技术标准差异分析框架，包括指导思想、完整性、逻辑结构、适用条件、设计方法、设备材料要求、施工工艺和试验方法八个指标。调研结果显示中外技术标准在以上八个方面都存在一定差异。我国承包商在国际工程项目中感知的中外技术标准差异与项目所在地区分布和项目行业类型有关。第二，提出了中外技术标准差异对国际工程项目实施的影响机理模型，从项目的设计、采购和施工的全过程视角揭示了中外技术标准对国际工程项目实施和项目绩效的作用路径。结果表明，中外技术标准差异通过项目实施的设计过程、采购过程和施工过程对项目绩效产生显著的负向作用，作用路径共有六条，总体效应系数为-0.260。其中，中外技术标准差异通过设计过程对项目绩效产生的影响较强，同时，采购和施工相关的标准差异对项目实施带来的影响不可忽视。我国承包商技术标准应用能力对项目绩效存在显著的正向影响，影响路径共有三条，总体效应为0.608。其中，通过设计过程对项目绩效产生影响的效应系数最高，接下来是对采购过程和施工过程的影响。第三，揭示了我国承包商在国际工程项目实施中面临的标准相关问题，提出了标准应用能力提升策略。不熟悉中外标准差异会导致国际工程项目实施出现国际标准应用、综合项目管理、设计、采购和施工方面五类问题。提升标准应用能力的策略包括：1）加强技术标准信息管理；2）加强标准知识管理；3）培养复合型标准人才；4）引入外部资源，弥补标准应用能力短板；5）加强对国际工程技术标准的系统性理解，提升设计管理能力；6）重视采购供应链技术要求，提升全球化采购管理水平；7）加强现场沟通和动态管理，提升施工管理水平。以上研究成果可为国际工程技术标准应用研究提供理论支撑，并为我国工程建设企业提升国际工程技术标准应用能力和国际工程项目实施提供实践指导。

Chinese contractors are playing an increasingly important role in the international engineering construction market. At the same time, the misunderstanding and improper use of international engineering technical standards has become a critical issue in international project delivery. Extent research on technical standards in the existing literature is still at the level of phenomenon observation, lacking a coherent framework to help with systematic analysis, and also lacking empirical data support. Therefore, this research constructs an analytical framework for the differences between Chinese and foreign technical standards and a theoretical model of the impact mechanism of differences in Chinese and foreign technical standards on international project implementation. The model is then verified through questionnaires, interviews and case analysis. The main work and findings of this research are as follows:Firstly, this research constructs an analytical framework for the differences between Chinese and foreign technical standards consisting philosophy, completeness, logical structure, application conditions, design methods, requirements of equipment and material, construction methods and test methods. The results reveal that there exist differences between Chinese and foreign tenichnical stnadards in terms of these aspects. The differences are also related to the location and the industrial area of the project. Secondly, this research establishes a model of the impact mechanism of the differences between Chinese and foreign technical standards on the implementation of international construction projects. From the perspective of the whole processes of design, procurement and construction, it reveals the role of Chinese and foreign technical standards on the implementation and performance of international construction projects. The results show that the difference of Chinese and foreign technical standards has a significant negative effect on project performance through the design process, procurement process and construction process. There are six paths, and the overall effect coefficient is -0.260. Among them, the difference between Chinese and foreign technical standards has a strong impact on project performance through the design process, and at the same time, the impact of differences in procurement and construction-related standards on project implementation cannot be ignored. The Chinese contractors' application ability of technical standards has a significant positive impact on project performance. There are three paths, and the overall effect is 0.608. Among them, the effect of the impact on project performance through the design process is the highest, followed by the impact on the procurement process and construction process.Thirdly, this research reveals the standard-related problems faced by Chinese contractors in the implementation of international engineering projects, and proposes a strategy for improving the application ability of standards. Unfamiliarity with the differences between Chinese and foreign standards will lead to five types of problems in the implementation of international construction projects, namely application of international standards, integrated project management, design, procurement and construction problems. Strategies to improve their application ability of standards include: 1) Strengthen technical standard information management; 2) Strengthen standard knowledge management; 3) Cultivate compound-type standard talents; 4) Introduce external resources to make up for the shortcomings of standard application ability; 5) Strengthen systematic understanding of technical standards to improve design management capabilities; 6) Pay attention to technical requirements of procurement supply chain and improve global procurement management level; 7) Strengthen on-site communication and dynamic management to improve construction management level.The above research results can provide theoretical support for the application research of international technical standards, and provide practical guidance for Chinese contractors to improve the application ability of international technical standards and the implementation of international construction projects.