安德烈·高兹作为西方生态马克思主义的代表人物，经济理性批判思想是理解高兹理论的关键，也是高兹资本主义批判理论的核心内容。在新的历史条件下重读高兹，有利于深化对生态马克思主义、政治经济学批判理论以及中国特色社会主义理论体系的认识，有利于丰富我国社会主义生态文明建设目标的价值内涵以及理解和把握我国社会主义生态文明建设中经济发展与生态保护之间的关系。在高兹的经济理性批判思想中，其首先指出经济理性始于计算与预算，并在人类活动以商品交换目的且处于自由市场时才能够流行，并由此指出经济理性的兴起和流行实质上是计算和预算逐步取代传统秩序以及“资本主义精神”打破传统意识形态屏障的的历史和文化过程，经济理性本质上是一种追求利润最大化的经济逻辑和“越多越好”的文化逻辑。虚假需要的生产与再生产则构成了经济理性在扩张过程中不可阻挡的动力所在。经济理性这种不断的扩张会带来人与自然关系的异化、人与人关系的异化以及人类主体死亡的危害，带来人的存在危机。在此基础上，高兹为经济理性引入了外部环境匮乏的现实生态学边界，分析了经济理性在跨越现实生态学边界后所带来的资本主义生产和社会危机。在生态学边界的基础上，高兹分析指出经济理性本身存在着界限，现代性并不等于经济理性，当前的危机是经济理性的非理性扩张的危机，克服经济理性危机的关键在于构建生态理性。对于生态理性的理解，高兹则认为应当站在整体性的高度上去把握其与经济理性的关系，充分认识到生态理性背后对人类主体性的彰显，正确认识生态理性。在此基础上，高兹进一步指出，实现生态理性必须借由“文化革命”的路径达到带有强烈乌托邦色彩的生态社会主义社会。高兹理论中这种存在主义基本立场、政治经济学批判方法与生态乌托邦的冲突是因为高兹经济理性批判思想的立足点在文化等意识形态领域、将人与自然两者视为对抗性的关系，并且始终站在精英阶层的立场上抽象地讨论人的问题。这也启示我们在新时代生态文明建设的过程中，我们应当始终坚持生产力与生产关系的决定性作用、坚持人与自然和谐共生的理念，坚持“良好生态环境是最普惠的民生福祉”的价值立场。

As a representative figure of Western eco-Marxism, Andre Gorz's idea of the critique of economic reason is the key to understanding Gorz's theory and the core content of Gorz's critical theory of capitalism. Rereading Gorz under new historical conditions is conducive to deepening the understanding of eco-Marxism, the critical theory of political economy and the theoretical system of socialism with Chinese characteristics, and to enriching the value connotation of the goal of socialist ecological civilization construction in China as well as understanding and grasping the relationship between economic development and ecological protection in the construction of socialist ecological civilization in China. In Gorz's critical of economic reason, Gorz first points out that economic rationality begins with calculation and budgeting and becomes popular when human activities are for the purpose of commodity exchange and in the free market, and thus points out that the rise and popularity of economic rationality is essentially a historical and cultural process in which calculation and budgeting gradually replace the traditional order and the "spirit of capitalism" breaks down the traditional ideological barriers. Economic rationality is essentially an economic logic of profit maximization and a cultural logic of "the more the better". The production and reproduction of false needs constitute the unstoppable driving force of economic rationality in the process of expansion. The continuous expansion of economic rationality brings about the alienation of human-nature relations, the alienation of human-human relations, and the danger of the death of human subjects, which brings about the crisis of human existence. On this basis,Gorz introduces the real ecological boundary of external environmental scarcity for economic rationality and analyzes the crisis of capitalist production and society brought about by economic rationality after crossing the real ecological boundary. On the basis of the ecological boundary, Gorz analyzes that economic rationality itself has boundaries, modernity is not equal to economic rationality, the current crisis is a crisis of irrational expansion of economic rationality, and the key to overcome the crisis of economic rationality lies in the construction of ecological rationality. As for the understanding of ecological rationality, Gorz believes that we should grasp its relationship with economic rationality from a holistic perspective, fully recognize the manifestation of human subjectivity behind ecological rationality, and correctly understand ecological rationality. On this basis, Gorz further points out that the realization of ecological rationality must be achieved through the path of "cultural revolution" to reach an eco-socialist society with strong utopian overtones. The conflict between the basic existentialist position, the critical approach to political economy and the ecological utopia in Gorz's theory is due to the fact that Gorz's critical thinking on economic rationality is based on the ideological field of culture, which regards human beings and nature as an antagonistic relationship, and always discusses the human problem in an abstract way from the standpoint of the elite. This also reveals that in the process of building ecological civilization in the new era, we should always adhere to the decisive role of productive forces and relations of production, the concept of harmonious coexistence between human beings and nature, and the value position that "a good ecological environment is the most universal welfare of the people".