近年来，我国反腐败工作一直保持着高压态势，纪检监察体制也在不断改革。自2018年3月，国家监察法实施，整合了反腐力量的国家监委也正式成立。改革带来的变化，就是介于纪检和司法之间的监察体制，包括监督力量整合、监督对象增加、监督权限扩充。纪委、监委合署办公，向中央一级党政机关全面派驻纪检监察组，履行纪检监察工作职责，纪检监察职能已经开始向企业和高校延伸，监督全覆盖基本实现。改革促进了纪检机构职能和人员的全面融合，使职能职权更加明晰，纪检监察组织体系也日益完备。国有企业是保障国家发展的重要力量，也是我们国家平稳发展的重要物质和政治基础。加强国企纪检监察机构建设是国有企业全履行面从严治党主体责任，强化内部监督的重要举措。国企纪检监察机构如何在新形势、新要求下，充分发挥自身权威、“驻”的优势和延伸、常态监督作用，加强机构建设，在提高履职效能方面还有哪些亟待解决的问题，需要进行全面系统的研究。本文选取部分中央企业纪检监察机构作为研究对象，通过历史档案研究方法，研究了我国纪检监察工作和派驻机构的发展历程。通过访谈调研方法，向中央纪委国家监委、驻国资委纪检监察组和4家中央企业纪检监察机构工作人员，了解4家中央企业纪检监察机构的履职现状。结合访谈调研结果，发现4家中央企业纪检监察机构在履职过程中存在职能定位模糊不清、监督职能未能有效发挥、监督力量整合不深、干部队伍能力不足四个共性问题。通过权力制衡、委托代理、行政监督、人员激励等方面理论来分析产生上述问题的原因。通过分析，发现影响中央企业纪检监察机构履职效能的因素主要是管理体制机制不完善、思想认识有差距、缺乏有效考核机制和干部队伍建设滞后等。针对查找出来的影响因素，本文从纪检监察机构本身、与所在企业、与上级纪检监察政府部门之间的关系三个角度提出了健全管理体制、明确党组（党委）主体责任和协作配合机制、创新工作方式、制定合理绩效考核办法、加强干部队伍建设等对策建议，以期为国有企业纪检监察机构更好的发挥履职效能提供一定的参考和借鉴，为国有企业健康发展提供重要保证。
In recent years, China's anti-corruption work has maintained a high pressure situation, and the discipline inspection and supervision system is constantly reformed. Since March 2018, Supervision Law of the People's Republic of China was implemented and the National Supervisory Commission, which integrates anti-corruption forces, was formally established. The changes brought about by the reform are the supervision system between discipline inspection and justice, including the integration of supervision forces, the increase of supervision objects and the expansion of supervision authority. The commission for Discipline inspection and the Commission for Supervision work together, and the discipline inspection and supervision groups are fully dispatched to the central party and government organs to perform the duties of discipline inspection and supervision. The function of discipline inspection and supervision has been extended to enterprises and universities, and the full coverage of supervision has been basically realized. The reform promoted the comprehensive integration of the functions and personnel of the discipline inspection institutions, made the functions and powers clearer, and the discipline inspection organization system was increasingly complete. State owned enterprises(SOEs) are not only an important force to ensure national development, but also an important material and political basis for the steady development of our country. Strengthening the construction of discipline inspection and supervision institutions of SOEs is an important measure to fully fulfill the main responsibility of strictly administering the party and strengthen internal supervision. Under the new situation and new requirements, there’s a need to conduct a comprehensive and systematic study on how the discipline inspection and supervision institutions of SOEs to give full play to their authority, the advantages of " stationed" and the role of extended and regular supervision, strengthen institutional construction, and what problems need to be solved in improving the efficiency of performing their duties.This paper selects some discipline inspection and supervision organizations of central enterprises as the research object. Through the research method of historical archives, this paper studies the development course of discipline inspection and supervision work and dispatched institutions in China. Through questionnaire survey and interview survey, the staff of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the State Supervision Commission of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, the disciplinary inspection and supervision team stationed in the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, and the 4 central enterprise disciplinary inspection and supervision institutions were asked to understand the status of the performance of the 4 central enterprise disciplinary inspection and supervision institutions. Combined with the results of questionnaires and interviews, it is found that the four central enterprise discipline inspection and supervision institutions have four common problems in the process of performing their duties: ambiguous function positioning, ineffective supervision, inadequate integration of supervision forces and inadequate cadre capacity. The reasons for the above problems are analyzed through the theories of power checks and balances, principal-agent, administrative supervision, and personnel incentives. Through analysis, it is found that the main factors affecting the performance of the central enterprise disciplinary inspection and supervision institutions are imperfect management systems and mechanisms, gaps in ideological understanding, lack of effective assessment mechanisms, and lag in the construction of cadres.In view of the influencing factors mentioned above, this paper proposes countermeasures and suggestions from the following three angles, so as to provides certain reference for the discipline inspection and supervision institutions of SOEs to better play their performance efficiency, and provides an important guarantee for the healthy development of SOEs: the disciplinary inspection and supervision organization itself, and in the enterprise, and the relationship between the government of discipline inspection department. The specific countermeasures and suggestions include: 1)perfecting the management system, 2)clarifying the main responsibility and cooperation mechanism of the Party group (Party Committee), 3)innovating working methods, 4)formulating reasonable performance assessment methods, 5)strengthening the cadre team construction and so on.
