当今，在历经信息技术高速发展20多年之后，新技术、新科技不断应用在各个领域提高资源利用效率和管理水平的大背景下，信息化的程度和水平已经成为衡量国家、城市经济、社会发展综合实力和文明程度的主要指标。与此同时，我国的经济总量规模发展迅速，生活中各类垃圾也在逐年倍增，需要对垃圾进行减量化、无害化、资源化的处理来解决垃圾围城的难题。党和国家高度重视这个问题，并在“十三五”和“十四五”规划中明确了垃圾分类需要达到的水平和目标。本课题旨在通过将信息化技术与垃圾分类的社会治理相结合，探索数字化创新技术在垃圾分类领域的应用，从而提高城市治理水平、促进生态文明发展、增强社会经济发展实力。在此大环境基础之上，本课题首先通过对固废产业背景进行分析，确认了垃圾分类的现状和面临的问题，提出了应用数字化创新模式来推动垃圾分类的必要性，并且确定了研究的思路和方法。随后，通过对我国当前垃圾分类行业的运营方式、商业模式、产业链条等方面进行研究分析，全局呈现了现阶段我国垃圾分类产业的轮廓，总结了垃圾分类产业的数字化应用现状并就产业内存在的诸多问题和挑战进行了剖析。接下来通过对“全国垃圾分类工作信息报送系统”的应用案例，介绍和分析如何通过综合利用现有成熟的互联网、物联网、大数据等基础技术配合数字化创新模式来形成一种由上至下、全产业兼顾的1+6+N的垃圾分类一网统管体系（即1个国家垃圾分类数据平台，村、镇、县、市、省、部级政府6级逐级上报工作数据信息，覆盖垃圾分类投、收、运、处、宣传、工作管理、第三方评价等N个业务应用场景的全方位体系），并利用该体系全面、系统地推动全国各地垃圾分类工作。最后，针对固废产业、垃圾收费、碳达峰与碳中和等问题进行了分析，讨论了运用该体系解决这些问题的可能性，并对该体系未来的更多创新应用进行了展望。
Nowadays, in the rapid development of information technology for more than 20 years, under the background of which new technologies have been constantly applied in various fields to improve the efficiency of resource utilization and the level of management. The degree and level of informatization have become a comprehensive indicator to measure a country, urban economy, social development, and civilization. At the same time, China’s economic aggregate scale has developed rapidly, the generation of all sorts of municipal solid waste from people’s daily life has increased sharply year by year, therefore we need to tackle those municipal solid waste by methods like Waste Reduction, Waste Recycling and Environmentally Sound Management(ESM) of waste. The Chinese Communist Party and the state government attach great importance to this issue, and targets and tasks to be achieved of waste sorting have been clarified in the "13th Five-Year Plan" and "14th Five-Year Plan". This paper aims to explore the application of digital innovation technology in the field of waste sorting by combining information technology with the social management of waste sorting, so as to improve the level of urban governance, promote the development of ecological civilization and enhance the strength of social and economic development.Based on this backdrop, this topic firstly confirms the current situation and problems faced by waste sorting by analyzing the background of solid waste industry, proposes the necessity of applying digital innovation model to promote waste sorting, and determines the ideas and methods of research.Then, I analyze the current operation mode, business model and industrial chain of China's waste separation industry, present the outline of China's waste separation industry, summarize the current situation of digital application of waste separation industry and analyze the many problems and challenges in the industry.Next, I will introduce a “National waste sorting task information report system” which is an application case and analyze how to form a top-to-bottom, industry-wide 1+6+N( that is 1 national waste sorting data collecting platform in which data is reported by 6 levels of villages, towns, counties, cities, provincial and ministerial governments, covering N sectors such as waste discharge, collection, transportation, disposal, publicity, work management, third-party evaluation and other business application scenarios.) waste sorting system by using the existing mature Internet, Internet of Things, big data and other basic technologies along with the digital innovation model, and The system will be used to promote waste sorting in a comprehensive and systematic way. Finally, I analyzed the problems of solid waste industry, waste charging, carbon peaking and carbon neutrality, discussed the possibility of using the system to solve these problems, and made an outlook on more innovative applications of the system in the future.
