摘 要关于杜甫对日本汉诗的影响，本文以9世纪的平安时代至19世纪的江户时代的九位重要诗人为代表进行考察，对他们的诗集、诗学论著、日记等文献中受到杜诗影响的诗歌进行调查，重点针对其创作方面和思想方面展开探讨。关于平安时代的调查结果表明菅原道真在诗艺方面和思想方面都受到杜甫的影响。对五山文学的时代包括虎关师炼、雪村友梅、中岩圆月、义堂周信和绝海中津五位禅僧的调查表明，杜诗在当时的禅林中受到重视。他后来在禅林中甚至被称为“诗中佛”。五山禅僧的诗歌在诗艺和思想两方面均在极大程度上受到杜甫的影响。另外，虎关师炼著述的《济北诗话》是日本第一部对杜甫诗歌进行研究的诗话，在日本汉诗史上最为值得关注。江户时代前期，诗歌作者的身份从之前的禅僧转向朱子学者，但是到了江户中期以后则出现专业诗人。该调查涉及的江户初期的三人，其中两人是朱子学者的藤原惺窝和林罗山，另一人是开创专业诗人之先河的石川丈山。三人之中深受杜甫诗影响的是石川丈山，在当时为了提高江户诗人的汉诗水平推荐杜诗，并编写指导汉诗创作的诗学著作。江户中期以后，诗歌作者也不仅仅是朱子学者、专业诗人，另外出现了很多诗人，相应地作品数量也越来越多。另一方面，由于受到中国诗话的强烈影响，诗论也盛行起来，日本虎关师炼以来的诗话如雨后春笋般涌现。这样一来，对汉诗的研究有了一定的进展，并出现了不少好作品。一般认为，该时代是日本诗学史上最繁荣的时代。通过调查结果来看虽然在诗艺方面受到杜诗一定的影响，但是其实很难说这些诗对杜甫的思想有所继承。笔者推测这个时代专业诗人的出现是加速这一现象产生的一个原因。时代背景大不相同，对杜诗接受的取向也有所差异。生活在南北朝战乱时期的禅僧更加关注杜甫在安史之乱中的创作经历，他们所写的战争诗在不同程度上受到杜诗的影响。总体而言，或许是因为中日两国在传统上对诗歌审美、功能的要求有所差异，所以在日本汉诗中很少有关注社会现实的诗作。如此看来，菅原道真和五山禅僧们继承杜甫的精神进行诗歌创作，的确是不可忽视而又难能可贵的文化财富。

As for the influence of Du Fu on Japanese Chinese poetry, this paper takes nine important poets from the Heian period in the 9th century to the Edo period in the 19th century as representative research objects in order to investigate the poems influenced by Du Fu in their poetry collections, poetics treatises, diaries and other documents, focusing on their creative and ideological aspects. A survey of the Heian period shows that Sugawara Michizane was influenced by Du Fu both in poetic skills and in thoughts. The investigation of the five Buddhist monks in the period of Go Zan literature, including Kokan Shiren, Setuson Yubai, Tyugan Engetu, Gidou Josin and Jetukai Tyusin , shows that du's poems were highly regarded in the Zen Forest at that time. He was later even referred to as the "Buddha in Poetry" in the Zen Forest. The poems of Go Zan Zen monks were greatly influenced by Du Fu in terms both of poetic skills and thoughts. In addition, "Saihoku Poetry" written by Kokan Shiren, is the first Japanese poem to study Du Fu's poetry, which is a noteworthy one in the history of Japanese Chinese poetry.In the early Edo period, the identity of poetry writers changed from Zen monks to Zhu Zi scholars, but after the middle Edo period, professional poets appeared. Two of the three people in the early Edo period involved in the survey are Fujiwara Seika and Hayasi Rozan, who were scholars of Zhu Zi, and Ishikawa Jyozan, who pioneered as professional poets.Among the three, the one who was deeply influenced by Du Fu's poems was Ishikawa Jyozan, who recommended Du Fu's poems in order to improve the Chinese poetry level of Edo poets at that time, and wrote poetics works to guide the creation of Chinese poetry.After the middle period of Edo, poetry writers were not only Zhu Zi scholars and professional poets. Anyhow, a lot of poets appeared at that time, and accordingly the number of works was increasing. On the other hand, due to the strong influence of Chinese poetry, the theory of poetry also prevailed. Poetry after Japan Kokan Shiren keeps appearing. As a result, the study of Chinese poetry has made some progress, and a lot of good works have appeared. It is generally believed that this period is the most prosperous period in the history of Japanese poetics. Through the survey results, it can be seen that although these poems were influenced by Du Fu's poetry to some extent, it is difficult to say that these poems inherited Du Fu's thought. The author speculates that the emergence of professional poets in this era is one of the reasons for accelerating the emergence of this phenomenon.The backgrounds of the three periods are different, while the war poems might have been written by the Zen monks living in the chaotic times of the Southern and Northern Dynasties and influenced by Du Fu's poems related to the Rebellion of An and Shi. Although the Edo period reached the peak of Chinese poetry, few poems inherited the spirit of Du Fu could be seen. The reason why there are few such poems in Japanese Chinese poetry might be that requirements for poetry in Japan are different from those in China. In this way, the fact that Sugahara Michizane and the Go Zan monks inherited the spirit of Du Fu in their poetry creation cannot be ignored since it is valuable.