移动互联网应用（APP）如今成为用户数据收集的主要入口方式，但在强制授权、过度收集等问题上饱受诟病，用户隐私问题成为关注的焦点。随着移动互联网与社会的各领域的融合加深，隐私的维度也在发生变化；移动产品企业对于用户个人信息的隐私保护功能也随之升级。备受关注的小米手机操作系统MIUI 12，第一次将手机上所有APP在后台访问个人信息的过程直接揭示给用户，暴露了众多APP不合理的索取用户信息的行为、甚至发现拼多多APP私自远程删除用户照片，揭开了隐私焦虑的一角。本文引入“隐私关注”的框架，基于传播隐私管理理论，使用问卷调查的研究方法，以小米手机的用户为抽样调查对象（以上海内环内8个区的“小米之家”为问卷发放的地点），借鉴IPIUC隐私关注量表测量用户在APP使用情境下的隐私关注程度、进行相关数据分析，探究用户在APP使用中收集、控制、认知三个维度的隐私关注程度，以及影响用户隐私关注的系统因素--信任因素、感知安全保护因素、信息管理因素、信息透明因素等四方面的变量。本研究发现，在手机系统对于个人信息保护不断升级、法律法规不断完善的今天，用户在使用APP时中仍然充满隐私担忧。对于系统的信任不能减少隐私泄露的担忧，缓解用户的隐私担忧需要时间；影响隐私关注的因素复杂，其中首要的是安全感知因素；从被动保护到主动限制滥用是隐私保护的趋势；手机系统使用所带来的信息透明度问题需要辩证地去看待，适当的透明度能够减少对隐私泄露的担忧。本文还从智能技术价值观的视角，从法律法规、平台、政府和用户四个维度提出相关建议：一是加大法律法规中隐私条款的宣传力度，二是完善系统对于个人信息披露透明度的设计、三是用户需要培养技术伦理以及价值观。本文的研究旨在丰富有关用户隐私关注的研究，为后续研究探讨手机系统对用户隐私关注影响的研究提供一定的研究基础和依据，希望对APP所带来的隐私关注问题的研究和治理有所裨益。
Mobile Internet applications (APPs) are now the main entry way for user data collection, but they have been criticized for mandatory authorization and excessive collection, and user privacy issues have become a focus of attention. With the deepening integration of mobile Internet and various fields of society, the dimension of privacy is also changing; the privacy protection function of mobile product companies for users' personal information is also upgraded. The much publicized Xiaomi cell phone operating system MIUI 12, for the first time, reveals the process of accessing personal information in the background of all APPs on cell phones directly to users, exposing the unreasonable behavior of many APPs in requesting user information, and even finding out that the Poundland APP privately deletes user photos remotely, unveiling a corner of privacy anxiety.This paper introduces the framework of "privacy concern", based on the theory of communication privacy management, and uses a questionnaire survey method to survey a sample of Xiaomi cell phone users (the "Xiaomi House" in eight districts within the inner ring of Shanghai is used as the location for questionnaire distribution). The IPIUC privacy concern scale was used to measure users' privacy concerns in the context of APP usage, and the data were analyzed to investigate the users' privacy concerns in the three dimensions of collection, control and perception in APP usage, as well as the systemic factors affecting users' privacy concerns - trust factor, perceived security protection factor, information management factor, information transparency factor and other four variables.This study found that today, when the cell phone system for personal information protection has been upgraded and laws and regulations have been improved, users are still full of privacy concerns in using APPs. Trust in the system cannot reduce privacy concerns, and it takes time to alleviate users' privacy concerns; factors affecting privacy concerns are complex, among which the primary one is security perception factor; from passive protection to active restriction of abuse is the trend of privacy protection; information transparency issues brought by cell phone system usage need to be viewed dialectically, and proper transparency can reduce concerns about privacy leaks.From the perspective of smart technology values, this paper also proposes recommendations from four dimensions: first, to increase the publicity of privacy provisions in laws and regulations; second, to improve the design of the system for the transparency of personal information disclosure; and third, users need to cultivate technology ethics and values. The purpose of this paper is to enrich the research on users' privacy concerns, and to provide a certain research foundation and basis for the subsequent research on the impact of cell phone systems on users' privacy concerns, in the hope that it will be beneficial to the research and governance of privacy concerns brought about by APPs.
