爱国主义精神是人们基于爱国主义相关问题理性认识基础上形成的稳定的、可靠的爱国主义意识、爱国主义思维、爱国主义理念的有机统一，其蕴含着人们对爱国主义价值的推崇以及对爱国主义实践的自觉遵循。历史证明，爱国主义精神在中国发展进程中始终发挥着民族凝聚、精神激励和规范教化的价值功能。爱国主义精神是一个历史范畴，不同时代背景下，爱国主义精神的时代要义不尽相同。在新时代的历史方位下，国家进入新的历史发展阶段，继续弘扬和培育爱国主义精神，以爱国主义精神凝聚起新时代民族复兴的磅礴伟力，具有深远的理论和实践意义。研究以理论逻辑和历史逻辑两个方面为致思起点。在理论逻辑上，廓清了爱国、爱国主义和爱国主义精神三者的理论内涵，明晰了爱国主义精神的价值功能，并系统阐述了马克思主义理论中的爱国主义思想、中华传统文化中的爱国主义思想以及西方文化中爱国主义思想等爱国主义精神的思想资源。在历史逻辑上，以古代、近代和现代为时间轴把握了爱国主义精神培育在主题、方式、内容上的传承和发展，同时以美国、俄罗斯、韩国为代表分析了域外爱国主义精神培育可资鉴处。在上述研究基础上，本文于比较视野中聚焦“新时代爱国主义精神培育”的核心要义，首先深入分析了新时代爱国主义精神培育的环境特征，阐释了“新时代是怎样的时代”的问题，并重点揭示了新时代爱国主义精神在培育主题、培育本质、培育内容和培育视野方面的新要求，以及在“精神”系统论的框架下剖析了新时代应培育的公民国家理性认知、公民国家情感认同、公民爱国强国意志和公民爱国报国行为四个基本要素，整体回应了新时代爱国主义精神培育“新在何处”的问题。其次，总结了中华民族伟大复兴战略全局和百年未有之大变局下爱国主义精神培育所面临的诸多可能挑战，以爱国主义实证调研数据为支撑，分析了公民爱国主义精神在新时代可能存在的问题及其成因。最后，综合以上研究明确了新时代爱国主义精神的培育理路。总体思路上，应以习近平关于爱国主义精神相关论述为理论遵循，确立历史性和时代性相统一、理论性和实践性相统一、全面性和层次性相统一的原则，设计“显”与“隐”、“情”与“理”、“内”与“外”相结合的方法，最终明确：培育和践行社会主义核心价值观，统筹“三位一体”爱国主义教育模式，推进公民主动参与爱国实践活动以及推动爱国主义精神融入制度和法治建设的多维突破路径。

The patriotism spirit is the organic unity of stable and reliable patriotism consciousness, patriotism thinking, and patriotism idea formed on the basis of people’s rational understanding of patriotism-related issues. It contains people’s admiration for the value of patriotism and their conscious follow to the practice of patriotism. History has proved that patriotism has always played the value function of national cohesion, spiritual encouragement and standardization in the process of China’s development, integrating the will and strength of the people, and allowing the Chinese nation to withstand countless unimaginable risks and tests. The spirit of patriotism is a historical concept. Under different backgrounds, the essence of the spirit is also different. Standing in the historical position of the new era, China’s development has entered a new historical stage. We will continue to promote and cultivate the spirit of patriotism, and condense the majestic power of national rejuvenation with the spirit of patriotism in the new era, which has far-reaching theoretical and practical significance.This thesis has made the preliminary foundation for the research on the cultivation of patriotism spirit in the new era from the perspective of theoretical logic and historical logic. In theoretical logic, it clearly distinguishes the theoretical connotation of patriotic, patriotism and patriotism spirit, explains the value function of patriotism spirit, and systematically analyzes the ideological resources of patriotism spirit such as patriotism in traditional Chinese culture, patriotism in Western culture and patriotism in Marxist theory. In historical logic, it has grasped the inheritance and development of the cultivation of patriotism spirit in terms of themes, methods and content with the timeline of ancient, modern and contemporary times. Meanwhile, taking the United States, Russia and South Korea as representatives, it analyzes the points that can be used for reference in overseas cultivating the spirit of patriotism. On the basis of the above research, this thesis focuses on the topic of “the cultivation of the patriotism spirit in the new era” from a comparative perspective. Firstly, it analyzes the characteristics of the patriotism spirit in the new era, explains the issue of “what is the new era”, and highlights the new requirements of the new era for cultivating patriotism spirit in terms of themes, essence, content and vision. In addition, under the framework of the “spiritual” system theory, it analyzes the four basic elements that should be cultivated in the new era: rational cognition of citizens, emotional recognition of citizens, the will of citizens to strengthen the country and the behavior of citizens to serve the country. This part integrally responds to the question of “what is new” in the cultivation of patriotism spirit in the new era. Secondly, it summarizes the various challenges faced by the cultivation of patriotism spirit in the new era under great shifts unseen in a century, supplemented by the empirical research data of patriotism, indirectly analyzes the problems and the causes of the problems of citizen’s patriotism spirit in the new era. Lastly, combining the above research, it has clarified the rationale approach for cultivating the patriotism spirit in the new era. Generally speaking, we should follow the theory of Xi Jinping’s related exposition of the patriotism spirit, clarify the principles of the cultivation of patriotism spirit – the unity of history and modernity, the unity of theory and practice and the unity of comprehensiveness and hierarchy, design methods which combine dominance and recessiveness, emotion and reason and interior and exterior. It finally establishes a multi-dimensional path of “value leading-education guidance-practice cultivation-system guarantee” in order to cultivate and practice the core socialist values, coordinate the “three-in-one” patriotism education model, promote citizens to actively participate in patriotic practice activities and promote the integration of patriotism spirit into the system and the construction of the rule of law.