随著城市社会的快速发展，基层社区的治理结构和权力秩序也发生巨大变化。在本研究中，笔者以基层社区治理的权力视角为切入点，通过对两个后单位社区的研究，力图让人们更加理解基层社区的秩序生产和权力互动的内在逻辑。本文的论题是“如何进行基层社区治理”。2015年，笔者参与导师的新清河实验课题，对当地的基层社区治理现状进行分析后发现，相较于其他类型的社区，后单位社区的治理问题非常突出，甚至有些社区已经陷入社会解组和社区失序的危机中。以T街道的两个后单位社区为研究对象，通过分析社区治理中的秩序生产和权力互动的运行逻辑，笔者指出，后单位社区的权力运作有少数人支配的特征，在单位社会传统影响下，一直以来都以一种“残馀逻辑”的方式进行治理。然而，后单位社区不再是封闭的共同体堡垒，受到外部制度环境变化和内部群体分化的影响，后单位社区的治理模式出现四个缺失问题：认同缺失、依附缺失、市场能力缺失和精英缺失。精英是治理的执行者，是推动社区自治的行动者。通过分析后单位社区的精英治理缺失问题，笔者指出，基层社区精英是后单位社区秩序重构的关键所在，唯有对基层社区精英的运作机制有正确的认识，基层社区治理才能发挥最好效果。基于上述讨论，笔者分析两个后单位社区决策事件中自然浮现的基层社区精英，对他们的动员机制、权力基础和互动关系进行梳理，并进行精英分类。笔者发现，后单位社区的基层社区精英主要有三种类型：以街道办事处、居委会为主的体制内精英；以居民为主的体制外精英，根据社区性质又可以分为单位精英和业主精英；以及外部精英。三个精英群体的互动关系构成后单位社区特有的治理结构，基于对精英治理的结构性和非结构性问题的分析，笔者所在的课题组以外部精英的身份，通过社会学干预方法对基层社区精英治理秩序的再生产进行社区实验，在社区建立社区议事委员制度与社区协商机制，学者干预做为一种中介载体有助于基层社区精英秩序的重建，也有助于建立一条后单位社区的治理之道。揭示基层社区精英治理对社区自治、社会重建的重要意义，同时也可以拓展基层社区精英研究与社会学干预的学术视野，最终达到为城市基层社区治理提供更多经验借鉴的目的。

With the rapid development of urban society, the governance structure and power order of grass-roots communities have also changed greatly. In this study, the author takes the power perspective of community governance as the starting point, and through the study of two post-unit communities, tries to make people understand more about the inner logic of order production and power interaction of grass-roots community.The topic of this paper is "How to carry out grass-roots community governance". In 2015, the author participated in the tutor's New Qinghe experiment project, analyzed the current situation of local grass-roots community governance, and found that compared with other types of communities, the governance problems of the post-unit communities are very prominent, and even some communities have been caught in the crisis of social disorganization and community disorder. Taking the two post-unit communities of T street as the research object, by analyzing the operational logic of order production and power interaction in community governance, the author points out that the power operation of the post-unit community has the characteristics of a few people's domination, and under the influence of the "residual tradition" of unit society, it has always been governed by a "unit invisible present" way. However, the post-unit community is no longer a closed community fortress, affected by the change of external institutional environment and internal differentiation, there are four missing problems in the governance mode of the post-unit community: lack of identity, lack of dependency, lack of market ability and lack of elite. Elites are the enforcers of governance and the players of community autonomy. Through the analysis of the lack of elite governance of the unit community, the author points out that the grass-roots community elite is the key to the order reconstruction of the post-unit community, only by analyzing the operation mechanism of the grass-roots community elite, can the grass-roots community governance play its best effect.Based on the above discussion, the author analyzes the grass-roots community elites that naturally emerge in the decision-making events of the two post-unit communities, combs their mobilization mechanism, power base and interaction, and classify them. The author finds that there are three types of grass-roots community elites in the post-unit community: the elite in the system,the elite outside the system,and the external elite.The interaction between the three elite groups constitutes the unique governance structure of the post-unit community, based on the analysis of the structural and non-structural problems of the elite governance, the author's task group, in the capacity as an external elite, conducts community experiments on the re-production of orders on the elite governance of the grass-roots community through sociological intervention methods, establishes the councillor and consultation mechanism in the community, and the intervention of scholars as an intermediary carrier contributes to the reconstruction of the elite order of the grass-roots community, and also helps to establish a post-unit community governance.This paper reveals the significance of elite governance on grass-roots community to community autonomy and social reconstruction, and can also expand the academic vision of grass-roots community elite research and sociological intervention, and finally achieve the goal of providing more experience for urban grass-roots community governance.