本研究是在学理层面对我国空间规划（市县层面）功能属性重梳理和再探索。在国土空间规划改革和市县级国土空间规划开始全面编制的当下，有必要形成一个恰如其分的空间规划“一张蓝图”理论认知和构建路径。研究聚焦于三个问题：1）“一张蓝图”的定义、性质和内容是什么？2）哪些“多规”和“多蓝图”当纳入“一张蓝图”？3）“一张蓝图”中“一张”的组织逻辑是什么？研究的重点和发现如下：通过“多规”的纵横解析，梳理出我国市县“百项规划（140余类）、百张蓝图（150类）”的总体图景，进而综合分析得出地域开发与城乡建设，土地的利用、保护与整治，自然和人文资源保护利用，生态环境保护与治理，安全防灾与危机管理5个空间干预领域构成了“一张蓝图”的协同广度。通过进一步凝练认为，空间规划“一张蓝图”的本质意义在于引领空间干预的多元协同。因此研究构建了“一张蓝图”的归一化的理论认知框架：1）在空间之“干预”向度，物品提供和阈值调控是空间干预的基本模式，“一张蓝图”则进一步聚焦于其中的空间管控和空间布局的成分；2）在干预之“空间”向度，通过对地域组织的理论推演得出，“一张蓝图”中“一张”的组织逻辑可以解构为“区域”的划设、“要素”的配置和“格局”的优化三个关键子系统。基于归一化的理论认知和600多项规划案例和1800余技术政策库的梳理和筛选，“一张蓝图”拟涉及到90类以上的多“区域”的划设，50多个系列的海量“要素”的配置和统筹，以及23类重点空间“格局”的优化。通过对其分别进行系统化的解析发现：1）“区域—干预”与“区域—网格”组织逻辑，结合重点干预任务的逻辑主线，可以提供多“区域”再造的行动路径。2）从“要素—干预”的角度出发，结合不同领域要素的本体特性，基于阈值调控的统筹，以及基于关键“要素”的空间治理为主线，可以提供多“要素”统筹的行动路径。3）从空间“格局”的组织机制和对“区域—要素”的综合统筹角度，能够捕捉多“格局”进一步统筹优化的路径。基于上述发现，研究亦给出了围绕市县地域的“一张蓝图”的“区域”再造、“要素”统筹和“格局”优化的若干方案建议。最后，研究对“一张蓝图”的“图纸”系统构建、信息网格化支持体系等实施应用方面提出了思考和展望。
This research is a theoretical exploration of function and attribute of China spatial planning at city-county level. At present, with the reform of territorial spatial planning and the on-going tremendously plan-making activities of city-county level territorial spatial plans, it is necessary to form an appropriate theoretical framework of “One-Blueprint” for spatial planning. The research focuses on three questions: 1) What are the definition, features, and content of “One-Blueprint”? 2) To what scope should “multiple plans” and “multiple blueprints” be combined in “One Blueprint” to the ideal vision of “One”? 3) What is the rational organization of contents in “One-Blueprint”? Highlights and findings of the research are as follows:Through the historical analysis and category analysis of “multiple plans” along with massive cases sorting, the research gives an overall picture of more than 140 plans and 150 blueprints at city-county level, through which the research finds out that to form the framework of “One-Blueprint” five spatial intervention fields should be concerned, which are: 1) territorial development and construction, 2) land use, conservation and rearrangement; 3) natural and cultural resources conservation and utilization; 4) eco-environment conservation and management; 5) disaster prevention and crisis management.Through a further theoretical analysis, the essence function of “One-Blueprint” is to coordinate multiple spatial interventions. Therefore, a normalized framework of “One-Blueprint” emerges: 1) in the dimension of spatial “Intervention”, goods providing and thresholds regulation are the fundamental modes of spatial intervention, within which “One-Blueprint” specifically focuses on the content of space control and space layout; 2) in the dimension of intervening “Space”, with the theoretical deduction of the territorial space organization, “One-Blueprint” can be deconstructed into three key sub-systems of spatial “areas” zoning, spatial “elements” allocation, and spatial "patterns" optimization.Based on above theoretical framework, and sorting of more than 600 multi-plans cases and more than 1,800 technical policy databases, the research figures out that “One-Blueprint” would include more than 90 types of multiple “areas” zoning, more than 50 series of massive spatial “elements” allocation, and about 23 types of spatial “patterns” optimization. Through the systematic analysis, the research finds that: 1) the reasonable way to realize multiple “Areas” reconstruction should be based on “Area-intervention” or “Area-grid” relations, combined with the integration of spatial intervention tasks/fields; 2) the reasonable way to realize multiple “elements” integration should focus on “Element-intervention” relations, combined with the recognition of different elements’ characteristics, with the integration of multiple threshold regulations and of spatial intervention tasks/fields for key "elements"; 3) the reasonable way to multiple spatial “patterns” optimization lies in the perspective of spatial “pattern” organization and how to realize “areas-elements” integration. Based on the above findings, the research then gives some proposals for “areas” reconstruction, “elements” integration, and “patterns” optimization for “One-Blueprint” of city-county level.Finally, the research puts forward the future prospects of other aspects of “One-Blueprint” application, including the “plans system”and information grid support system.
