企业在经营过程中，除了可能面临来自企业经营与市场内部的风险，也有可能面临来自市场外部的政治风险。伴随中美博弈的愈发激烈，美政府开始大规模对中国高科技企业实施制裁以遏制中国发展进程。因此，中国高科技企业所可能遭遇的来自美政府制裁的政治风险正逐渐成为其发展过程中很可能遇到的常态化问题。本文以华为公司受美政府制裁为案例，在对华为公司受美政府制裁的宏观背景：中美经贸战；华为公司受美制裁的直接动因：美政府对“中国制造2025”发展战略的担忧；华为公司受美制裁的具体原因：华为公司在5G产业中的领先地位等背景因素进行详细梳理的基础上。按照时间顺序及制裁发展阶段，对华为公司受美制裁的制裁前酝酿阶段、美政府启动对华为公司的制裁启动及市场禁入阶段、美政府对华为公司切断供应链阶段的具体情况进行了详细分析。探究了美政府制裁措施对华为公司产品销售、生产供应链所造成的巨大冲击。梳理及分析了华为公司如何从司法、舆论、调整供应链、产业转型等四方面积极进行应对。同时，由于孟晚舟遭逮捕案在华为制裁案中的重要性及典型意义，论文对孟晚舟遭逮捕案进行了详细分析。在以上研究基础上，结合美政府更迭的实际情况，对美对华为公司的制裁前景走势进行了展望。在论文的最后，从华为遭制裁案的个案经验出发，归纳出中国高科技企业受美制裁的一些共通性要素，提出中国高科技企业应在中美博弈的大背景下，在做好企业经营及应对市场风险的同时，对可能面临的来自美国的制裁风险予以充分的重视。

Enterprises may face political risks from outside the market as well as internal risks in daily business operation. With the increasingly fierce game between China and the US, the US government began to impose sanctions on Chinese high-tech enterprises on a large scale to curb China's development process. Therefore, the political risk that Chinese high-tech enterprises may encounter from the sanctions of the US government is gradually becoming a normal problem in the process of development. Based on the case of Huawei being sanctioned by the US government, this paper analyses the macro background of Huawei being sanctioned by the US government: Sino-US economic and trade war; The direct reasons for Huawei's sanctions: the US government's concern about the "Made in China 2025" development strategy; The specific reasons why Huawei was sanctioned by the United States: on the basis of background factors such as Huawei's leading position in the 5G industry. According to the chronological sequence and the development stage of sanctions, this paper makes a detailed analysis of the brewing stage before the sanctions imposed on Huawei by the United States, the initiation and market ban stage of the sanctions imposed on Huawei by the United States government, and the specific situation of the supply chain cut off by the United States government. This paper explores the huge impact of US government sanctions on Huawei's product sales and production supply chain. It combs and analyzes how Huawei actively responds from four aspects, such as justice, public opinion, adjustment of supply chain and industrial transformation. At the same time, due to the importance and typical significance of Meng Wanzhou's arrest in Huawei's sanctions case, the paper makes a detailed analysis of Meng Wanzhou's arrest case. On the basis of the above research, combined with the actual situation of the US government change, it prospects the possible trends. In the end of this paper, it summarizes some common elements of Chinese high-tech enterprises being sanctioned by the United States, and puts forward that Chinese high-tech enterprises should pay full attention to the possible sanctions risks from the United States, while doing a good job in business operation and dealing with market risks in the context of the game between China and the United States.