水产养殖业快速发展的同时，水产饵料的需求量也随之加大，伴随而来的是严重的水产养殖污染问题。残饵是重要的污染源之一，残饵在水体中持续释放营养可致使水体富营养化。一方面残饵是养殖环境的污染物，残饵的排放将带来环境污染；另一方面，残饵富含大量的碳氮磷等营养成分，是一种潜在的资源。传统清淤和堆肥是残饵治理的主导方式，造成资源浪费的同时也导致了严重的环境污染。微藻是富含多种营养成分的水产生物的天然饵料，利用残饵污染物生产优质蛋白饵料微藻，开展废物再利用的循环经济模式，不仅可以节约粮食而且可以降低残饵带来的环境污染问题，具有较大的实际应用前景。本论文根据微藻的生长模式、营养组成以及微藻的营养需求，对常见饵料藻进行了筛选，甄选了钝顶螺旋藻开展残饵的资源化利用。研究钝顶螺旋藻对残饵的利用形式、利用方式、利用效率和内在机制，并对残饵培养下钝顶螺旋藻的生物安全性进行了测试，分析钝顶螺旋藻对残饵营养的去除效率及资源化利用的可行性。具体实验结论如下：残饵中的多种酶系可以将丰富的有机质转化为无机养分供给钝顶螺旋藻利用。在自然条件下，对比10日生物量可以发现，残饵培养基生物量可达标准培养基的1.5-2倍，残饵中氮素的去除率可达95%以上，总磷的去除率可达80%，因此，钝顶螺旋藻可以实现残饵污染物的再利用。残饵养殖的钝顶螺旋藻蛋白质含量高达60%-65%，糖类含量可达10%-15%，此外，钝顶螺旋藻富含的不饱和脂肪酸有作为优质蛋白饵料的潜力，钝顶螺旋藻处理残饵经济投入低，降解污染的同时生产高价值饵料微藻。从水产养殖饲料安全方面来看，残饵中镉和砷的浓度较低，含量在2-3mg/kg，汞含量较低，为0.27mg/kg，但是铅的含量却高达140.73mg/kg，残饵培养的钝顶螺旋藻除铅的含量略微高于国标外，汞、镉和砷的含量均在国标范围内。此外，钝顶螺旋藻中抗生素残留检测结果显示，未检测到大环内酯类、喹诺酮类、磺胺类和氯霉素类等大宗抗生素残留。综上所述，利用钝顶螺旋藻进行水产养殖残饵的污染治理是一种经济可行的技术手段，可在实现污染物降解的同时，生产优质蛋白饵料，用于水产饲料，进而实现废弃物再利用的循环经济模式。关键词：水产养殖残饵；钝顶螺旋藻；批次流加实验；饲料安全；循环经济

With the rapid development of aquaculture, the demand for aquatic bait is also increasing and it causes serious aquaculture pollution.The main source of pollutants in aquaculture is residual baits which release nutrients continuously to the water and lead to eutrophication.On the one hand, residual baits are the pollutants of aquatic environment, and the discharge of residual baits will bring environmental pollution.On the other hand, residual baits are rich in a large number of nutrients, such as carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, which are a kind of potential resources.Traditional desilting and composting are the dominant methods of baits residue management, which not only cause waste of resources, but also cause serious environmental pollution.Microalgae is rich in a variety of nutrition composition and it is also aquatic creature's natural bait.Useing the remnant baits to produce high-quality protein microalgae is a recycling mode, which can not only save food, but also reduce the environment pollution problems brought by the residual bait. The research has great practical application prospect.Based on the microalgae growth pattern, the composition of nutrition and the microalgae nutrition demand, the existing algae was screened and the residual baits was reused by S platensis.Through studying the utilization form, way, efficiency and the biological safety of S spirulina, the paper analyzed the nutrient removal efficiency by S platensis and the feasibility of resource utilization.The results are as follows:The enzymes in the residual bait could decompose rich organic matter into inorganic nutrients which could be absorbed by S platensis. In the natural conditions, the biomass of the residual bait medium was as 1.5-2 times as the standard medium in ten days, and the nitrogen removal rate could reach more than 95%, the total phosphorus removal rate could reach 80%, S platensis could implement the reuse of bait pollutants.The protein content of S platensis cultured with residual baits was as high as 60%-65%, and the carbohydrate content was as high as 10%-15%. In addition, S platensis was rich in unsaturated fatty acids and had the potential to be used as high-quality protein bait. Traditional sewage treatment technology would invest a lot of money to treat residual bait and aquaculture water, and the utilization value of sewage effluent was low. However, the economic investment of treating residual bait by S platensis was low, meanwhile it could produce high value microalgae and degrade pollutants.In aquaculture feed safety ways, concentration of remnant cadmium and arsenic was low (about 2 to 3 mg/kg), mercury content was low (about 0.27 mg/kg), but the concentration of lead was very high (about 140.73 mg/kg), and the contents of mercury, cadmium and arsenic in S platensis cultured by residual baits were within the range of national standard, while the content of lead was slightly higher than that of national standardin. In addition, according to the results of antibiotic residues detection in S platensis, the large ring lactone class, chloramphenicol, quinolone and sulfa part did not be detected.In a word, it was an economical and feasible technical way to use S platensis for pollution control of aquatic bait residues. It could degrade pollutants, produce high-quality protein bait, and realize the recycling economic model. Key Words: Residual baits in Aquaculture; Spirulina platensis; Fed-batch culture; Feed safety; The Circular Economy