学术创业是高校科研院所通过各种正式和非正式渠道，将研究人员创造的新知识成功商业化，实现科技创新成果产业化的过程，对实现经济内生增长意义重大。然而当前我国科技与经济“两张皮”问题仍然十分严重，科学研究与经济发展之间的“鸿沟”仍然是创新驱动发展与建设世界科技强国的关键难题。如何全面系统地理解学术创业绩效的影响机制，助力拆除成果产业化的“篱笆墙”，是学术界、产业界和政策界共同关注的重大议题。国内外学者针对学术创业影响因素进行了积极探索，积累了较为丰富的研究成果，但缺少从创新经济学切入的理论研究，方法上以定性探讨、案例和描述性分析为主，缺少基于大样本的实证研究；研究思路以原子化思路为主，缺少对多层次视角下学术创业绩效影响机制的系统性理论研究。论文从创新经济学视角对现有文献作了批判性综述，基于整合式创新理论，结合资源观、能力观和制度观的文献，构建了一个系统整合视角下高校学术创业绩效影响机制概念模型；并通过问卷调查、实地访谈、文本挖掘和公开数据等方式构建了中国“211”高校2008-2016年学术创业面板数据集，进一步实证探究了学术创业绩效的多层次影响因素及其作用机制。实证研究发现：高校科技创新产出显著促进高校学术创业绩效，组织动态能力部分中介二者关系；但组织战略层面学术倾向和国际化倾向存在“挤出效应”，显著负向调节二者关系；对双创教育和学术创业的重视正向调节二者关系；本地化倾向则存在“近视效应”，显著负向调节二者关系。社群制度中介、吸收能力、市场需求和国家制度环境不但直接促进高校学术创业绩效，更通过放大组织动态能力建设的“杠杆效应”而间接提升高校学术创业绩效。基于本文研究发现，进一步提出了基于整合式创新的高校学术创业生态共同体框架，并从战略创新、制度创新、组织能力和生态共建等维度提出了建设国家技术转移体系、提升学术创业绩效、加快成果转化的政策建议。本研究的创新性体现在三个方面：一是本研究从整合式创新视角切入，是针对中国高校学术创业绩效影响机制的首个大样本面板数据基础上的系统性研究，为打开影响高校学术创业绩效的过程“黑箱”提供新的理论视角；二是拓展完善了整合式创新、资源观、能力观和制度观的文献；三是结合研究发现，提出建设高校学术创业整合式创新生态共同体以及国家技术转移体系的政策框架，为进一步激发学术创业活力，加快建设世界科技强国提供理论参考和实践启示。

This study critically reviews the current research on academic entrepreneurship from the innovation economic perspective, and then constructs a holistic theoretical framework of influence mechanism of academic entrepreneurship performance based on the holistic innovation and the literature of resource, capability and institution. We created a unique multi-source panel dataset covering Chinese “211 Project” universities from year 2008 to year 2016 through questionnaire survey, field interview, text mining and public data mining. Then we employed the econometric method to empirically explore the multi-level influencing factors and mechanism of university academic entrepreneurship performance. The empirical results show that: (1) University research output has a significant positive relationship with university academic entrepreneurship (AE) performance. (2) The organizational dynamic capability of technology transfer partially mediated the relationship between university research output and AE performance. As for the organizational strategy innovation dimentions, empirical results support our theoretical argument related to the potential paradox of strategic balance and incentives, specifically, (3) organizational strategic tendency towards traditional academic logic and emerging international logic may create “crowding-out effects” upon the relationship between university research output and AE performance, showing significant negative moderating effects on the relationship between university research output and AE performance; (4) both organizational strategic tendency towards entrepreneurship education and academic entrepreneurship create “structure-optimation effect”, showing significant positive moderating effects upon the relationship between university research output and AE performance; however, (5) the organizational localization tendency has the “myopia effect”, showing a significant negative moderating effect on the relationship between university research output and AE performance. As for the community level factors, community institutional intermediaries, community absorptive capacity and local market demand not only strengthen the postive impact of university research output on AE performance, but also significantly amplify the “leverage effect” of university organization dynamic capability. Specifically, on the one hand, (7) community institutional intermediaries, community absorptive capacity and local market demand show a significant positive moderating effect on the relationship between university research output and AE performance; (8) on the other hand, these three community level factors show a significant positive moderating effect on the mediating effect of organizational dynamic capability. As for the national level institutional factors, regulative institutions on university status not only strengthen the positive impact of university research output on AE performance, but also amplify the “leverage effect” of organizational dynamic capability by creating a “halo effect” on those high-ststus universities. Specifically, (9) holding a higher status in the national university system positively moderates the positive impact of university research output on AE performance than their lower-status rivals, and furthermore, (10) the halo effect created by higher-status position in the national university system significantly moderates the mediating effect of organizational dynamic capability on the relationship between university research output and AE performance.Finally, based on the theoretical and empirical findings from this study proposes, we propose a holistic framework for further constructing the university academic entrepreneurship ecosystem and discuss the policy implications for China to build national technology transfer system through strategic innovation, institutional innovation, organizational capability and co-creating ecosystem.This study contributes to the research on academic entrepreneurship and innovation economics from three aspects. Firstly, this study draws from the holistic innovation theory, and is among the first systematic empirical study on the influence mechanism of Chinese universities’ academic entrepreneurship performance based on big multi-level panel datasets. Thus, this study provides a new theoretical perspective to uncover the “black box” of promoting the university academic entrepreneurship performance. Secondly, the empirical findings from this study show that for those organizations who are seeking for higher-performance when doing cross-boundary behaviors, they should adopt the holistic innovation mindset, which means that they should ont only take care of organizational strategic innovation and incentive mechanism design, but also proactively reach out to take the advantage of community- and national-level factors to achieve a holistic improvement. In this way, this study contributes to the holistic innovation theory and the literature related to resource, capability and new institutionalism. Finally, based on evidence-based research, this study proposed a holistic view of building university academic entrepreneurship ecosystem and further promote national technology transfer system. Thus, this study generates novel insights on understanding the multi-level mechanism on promoting university academic entrepreneurship, also provide practical implications on accelerating the university academic entrepreneurship in China so as to leverage the new knowledge created by university to empower the construction of global innovation powerhouse.