二十年来，“一国两制”在澳门的实践行稳致远，具有自身的特色。立法会为“一国两制”的成功实践作出重要贡献，但是许多意见认为立法会监督成效不佳。立法会监督效果到底如何以及受到哪些因素制约是本文研究的核心问题。本文首先对行政主导体制下澳门行政立法的监督与配合关系展开分析，针对实践中的困惑，提出监督与配合的选择上要以是否遵循满足广大居民的需求、维护公共利益、遵守宪法与基本法宪制要求为原则。前两点原则与“人民主权”理论的核心理念一脉相承，即权力来自居民的授权，需要以居民为中心，维护居民利益。但是，澳门作为特别行政区，行政与立法还须“坚守一国之本”。本文接着从监督效益和监督效率两个维度对澳门第五届立法会第一会期至第六届立法会第二会期运作情况及其在经济适度多元化、重大民生议题、公共行政、财政预算等范畴的成效展开分析和评价，进而从监督主体、监督机制和被监督对象三个方面入手分析影响监督成效的因素，并分析借鉴了其他地区立法机关的监督运作模式的经验，特别是对港澳特区立法会监督运作模式展开比较，为提升澳门立法会监督运作及其成效提供参考。一方面，透过是否符合立法会监督的预期目标、促进具体问题的解决、推动澳门民主法治建设和经济社会发展实现增量来评价立法会的监督效益，另一方面透过监督事项改善所耗费的时间长度来评价其效率。研究发现，澳门立法会总体监督效果大致处于“一般”的水平。与过去相比，立法会议员在履职的积极性有着较大的进度，对于居民关切的重大利益和澳门长远发展事项更是有着强有力的监督。作为被监督的对象，近年来政府对于立法会的监督也呈现更主动的配合，各项施政在立法会的监督下有着较为显着的进步。但是，仍然存在部分官委和间选议员履行监督权积极性低，议事规则缺乏对政府约束力，发言规则灵活性不足，法律配套不健全，以及职权分散、跨部门合作效率低等问题，制约了澳门立法会的监督成效。针对这些制约因素，本文从从优化选举制度设计、改良澳门政治生态、完善立法会监督运作机制、提升政府施政效能四个方面提出了改革建议。

Over the past two decades, the practice of "one country, two systems" in Macao has been stable and far-reaching, and has its own characteristics. The Legislative Assembly has made important contributions to the successful implementation of the principle. However, there are many views in academia and society stating that the Macao Legislative Assembly cooperates with the government with weak supervision. The efficacy of supervision of Macao Legislative Assembly and the factors restricting it are the core issues of this study.First of all, this paper analyzes the characteristics of cooperation and supervision in administrative legislation under the executive-led system, and holds that the balance between supervision and cooperation relies on whether to fulfill the needs of the general public, safeguarding the public interests, and complying with the principles of Constitution and the basic law. The first two principles are consistent with the core idea of the theory of "people's sovereignty", that is, power comes from the authorization of residents, which needs to focus on residents and safeguard their interests. However, as a special administrative region, Macao's administration and legislation must stick to the foundation of one country.This paper establishes an evaluation system to measure the efficacy of supervision of the Legislative Assembly by two dimensions: efficacy and effectiveness, to research on the fields of economic diversification, major issues of people's livelihood, public administration and fiscal budget during the first session of the fifth term to the second session of the sixth term of the Macao Legislative Assembly. Then, it analyzes the factors from three aspects ,including the subject of supervision, the supervision mechanism, and the objects of supervision. This paper also draws on the experience of other regions' legislative bodies, especially the comparison of the Legislative Assembly of Hong Kong and Macao SAR, so as to provide reference for improving the supervision and operation of the Macao Legislative Assembly. One the one hand, this study evaluates the efficacy of supervision of the Legislative Assembly on the basis of whether it reached the expected goal of the supervision of the Legislative Assembly, promoted the solution of specific problems, the construction of democracy and legal system ,the economic and social development. On the other hand, it evaluates the efficiency of supervision by the time taken for improvement.The study finds that the overall efficacy of the supervision of the Macao Legislative Assembly is generally at "average" level. Compared with the past, the Macao Legislative Assembly has made great progress in motivation, and it has a strong supervision over the major interests of residents and the long-term development of Macao. As the object of supervision, the government has shown more active coordination with the Legislative Assembly’s supervision, and the governance has made remarkable progress. However, the low motivation to perform supervisory power by deputies elected by indirect suffrage and those appointed by the Chief Executive, the lack of binding force of rules of procedure on the government, insufficient flexibility in rules of speaking, inadequate legal support, decentralization of power and low efficiency of cross-sector cooperation are still restricting the effectiveness of the Legislative Council ’s supervision.In response to these constraints, this paper suggests to put forward reforms from four aspects: to optimize electoral system, improve the political ecology of Macao, improve the supervision mechanism of the Legislative Assembly and enhance the efficiency of government administration.