为满足建筑制冷、供暖的需求，锅炉、电热水器和蒸汽压缩系统在中国的住宅和商业建筑中被广泛应用。而目前该类暖通空调系统是造成环境污染和高能耗的重要原因之一。环境保护、机组性能和系统运行三大问题，使发展环保、经济的替代性技术的需求日益增长。为了克服这些问题，采用空气源热泵供暖，将干燥除湿系统用于制冷当中，是实现建筑节能的合适解决方案。然而，空气源热泵在冬季制热工况下运行时，由于环境空气温度低、需间歇性除霜，机组制热性能不佳，制热量不足。另一方面，对于干燥除湿制冷系统而言，其主要问题在于，机组未达到最优运行工况时，系统性能下降。结合合理的控制策略，将空气源热泵和干燥除湿系统应用于建筑暖通空调系统中可以显著降低能耗。本文借助数据驱动模型非线性系统建模的显著优势，将模型用于测试和验证不同的控制策略，为供暖和空调系统的节能和优化运行提供依据。本文采用构建数据驱动模型和实验测试的方法，实现以下四个研究目标。第一，以提高热泵低温工况下的制热性能为目标，开发高通用性、高精度的模型，预测不同工况、不同板片结构更大温度范围的结霜特性，并采用验证模型进行更深入的参数分析。结果表明，在采用相同数据集的情况下，本文构建的预测模型误差在合理范围内，而当前已发表的相关研究则表现出较大的偏差。第二，为使热泵在冬季工况下从空气中有效提取低品位热能并防止结霜，本文对横流闭式热源塔的性能进行了评价分析。为达成这一目标，本文设计了一个在低环境温度工况下测试热源塔的设备，并开发了一个鲁棒性强的模型。在验证模型的基础上，阐述了各关键参数对机组性能的影响。结果表明：随着进风温度、进风相对湿度和进水温度的增加，出风相对湿度逐渐增大；而水量的增加导致空气出风相对湿度减小。第三个目标是通过实验评估不同干燥转轮的性能，从而对其进行优化，以帮助设计人员提高干燥转轮除湿机组的性能。通过实验验证了所提方法的适用性，并验证了所获得的结果。结果表明，采用不同干燥剂材料的转轮，都有着不同的最佳运行工况，使转轮在干燥冷却系统中高效运行。第四，本文对空气源热泵系统的性能进行了全面的研究，从而优化其性能，达到冬季在最大制热能力下运行的目的。为此，本文利用四个北京的实际项目的实验数据，建立了耦合不同智能模型的复合通用模型，并进一步提出和评价了两种不同的控制策略。

Boilers, electric water heaters, and vapor compression systems are commonly utilized in residential and commercial buildings in China to meet the demand for cooling and heating. The current heating and cooling systems are responsible for the environmental and energy crisis. The environmental and performance problems associated with the operation of these systems, however, emphasize the need for the development of alternate environment-friendly and cost-effective substitute technologies. To overcome the problems, air source heat pumps for heating and desiccant systems for cooling are among the most appropriate solutions for energy-efficient improvements in buildings. However, the operation of an air source heat pump on heating mode in winter is associated with a relatively low heating coefficient in terms of performance and heating capacity due to impact of ambient air temperature and frosting-defrosting operation. On the other hand, the main problem with desiccant cooling systems is the reduction in the total energy performance of the system when the optimum operating conditions are not set. The utilization of properly controlled air source heat pumps and desiccant systems in the HVAC system of a building can significantly reduce energy consumption. Data-driven models have indicated powerful strength in non-linear system modeling. These models can be utilized to test and validate different control strategies and to give the basis for saving energy and optimizing the operation of heating and air conditioning systems. This thesis has four main objectives. A combination of experimental and data-driven modeling approaches is adopted to address these objectives. To enhance the thermal performance of air source heat pumps at low ambient temperatures, the first objective is to develop a general yet accurate model capable of predicting the frost characteristics over wide ranges on different plate configurations under different conditions. A parametric study is performed using the validated models to provide a good insight into this study. The results in this thesis show that the developed models predict the data points within a reasonable error band, while the other available published correlations present higher deviations using the same dataset. For making heat pumps reasonably efficient at extracting low-grade thermal energy from the air in winter and preventing frost formation, the second objective is to evaluate the performance of a cross-flow closed-type heat-source tower. To meet this objective, a test facility to test this unit under low ambient temperature conditions is designed, and a robust heuristic model is developed. Based on the validated model, the effects of the critical parameters on the performance of this unit is elaborated. For the first time in the literature, the results indicate that with the increase in the air inlet temperature, air inlet humidity ratio, and solution inlet temperature, the air outlet humidity ratio gradually increases, while the increase in the solution concentration leads to a decrease in the air outlet humidity ratio. The third objective is to experimentally evaluate the performance of different desiccant wheels and subsequently optimize them to help designers enhance the performance of desiccant-wheel dehumidifier units. Several experiments have been performed to verify the applicability of the proposed methodology and validate the obtained results. The results show that there are optimum operating conditions for each wheel, depending on desiccant material, for the efficient operation of desiccant wheels and ultimately increasing the total energy performance of the desiccant cooling systems. The fourth objective is to comprehensively investigate the behavior of air source heat pump systems and subsequently improve their performance to reach the maximum performance of the system during the winter period. For this purpose, the experimental data from four real projects in Beijing have been utilized, and a hybrid and general model coupling different intelligent models is established. Two different control strategies are further proposed and evaluated. Results demonstrate that the percentage of growth in COP is 8.18%, compared to real operation, when the indoor temperature is set between 18 oC and 20 oC.