模块式高温气冷堆（Modular High Temperature Gas-cooled Reactor, mHTGR）具有功率密度低、自稳性强、温度负反馈效应强等固有安全性特征。发展基于mHTGR的多模块高温气冷堆机组能够在保证安全性的基础上提高机组的经济性。与此同时，可再生能源装机容量增加引起的电网频率波动对并网运行的核电机组产生了不利的影响。因此多模块高温气冷堆机组需要具备负荷跟踪控制功能，这样既有利于提高机组对电网的适应能力，同时也是发展多模块高温气冷堆商用核电技术的一个重要内容。本文针对多模块高温气冷堆机组实现负荷跟踪控制功能的重要需求，建立了包含机网耦合特性的多模块高温气冷堆机组动态模型，在MATLAB/Simulink平台下开发了机组仿真软件，进行了开环特性分析，验证了机网动态特性。进一步提出了基于反应堆功率机动的机组负荷跟踪控制方法和基于热电联产的机组负荷跟踪控制方法，证明了机组控制系统的闭环稳定性。将两种负荷跟踪控制方法分别应用于60万千瓦多模块高温气冷堆电站HTR-PM600及其氢电联产机组。对机组的闭环控制系统进行仿真分析，结果验证了本文提出的负荷跟踪控制方法具有可行性，并且机组具有较好的负荷跟踪控制性能。本文提出的机组动态模型和负荷跟踪控制方法为进一步的工作提供了理论基础和验证平台。
The modular high temperature gas-cooled reactor (mHTGR) is characterized by low power density, strong self stability and negative temperature feedback effect. The development of multi-mHTGR units can improve the economy on the basis of ensuring the safety. At the same time, the grid frequency fluctuation caused by the increase of renewable energy installed capacity has a negative impact on the nuclear power units connected in grid. Therefore, the multi-mHTGR units need to have load following control function, which is not only conducive to improving the adaptability of the units to the grid, but also an important content of developing the commercial nuclear power technology of multi-mHTGR units.In this paper, aiming at the important demand of realizing the load following control of the multi-mHTGR units, a dynamic modeling considering the coupling characteristics of the units and grid is established first. Then the simulation software of the units is developed on the MATLAB/Simulink platform, and the open-loop simulation is conducted to verify and analyze the dynamic characteristics between units and grid. Furthermore, the load following control strategys based on reactor power maneuver and cogeneration are proposed, and the closed-loop stability of the unit control system is veried. Two load following control strategys are respectively applied to the 600MW multi-mHTGR unit HTR-PM600 and its cogeneration unit. The simulation results of the two units’ closed-loop control system verify that the load following control strategys proposed in this paper is feasible, and the units have good load following control performance. The dynamic model and load following control strategys proposed in this paper provide theoretical basis and verification platform for the further work.
