张库大道“始于明末、盛于清中、衰于清末”，是自我国塞外重镇张家口至蒙古国腹地城市库伦（乌兰巴托）的重要古贸易通道。广义上的张库大道起点在福建武夷山，终点则进一步北上，延伸到了俄罗斯恰克图，甚至远至欧洲，被誉为“万里茶道”（草原茶叶之路）。张库大道作为万里茶道的重要组成部分，在过去的几百年时间里，一直扮演着沿线地区的重要政治、经济和文化纽带作用。现如今，张库大道在新的时代背景下迎来了新的机遇与挑战。 全球化与区域一体化进程的影响下，“区域”这一概念成为了国家或地区的新焦点。与此同时，空间作为各领域跨界合作的整合平台，也日益受到重视。近年来，我国“一带一路”倡议下的经济走廊建设取得了丰硕的成果。中国的边疆建设、桥头堡战略的提出也使得跨界合作具有普遍意义。张库大道作为历来我国重要的陆路通道，总结其历史经验、评价其现状成效、探索未来发展则显得尤为重要。本文以相关研究作为基础，首先从欧盟跨界合作、波罗的海跨界合作、美墨跨界合作和中巴经济走廊的案例入手，对比了其共性和差别性，识别了跨界合作的结构性特征。其次，本文对张库大道的历史进行了划分，通过阐述明、清、民国以及建国以来的不同阶段的跨界合作方式和空间变化，识别了张库大道历史特征，对张库大道的固有特征做了相关总结。再次，论文通过分析其历史文化、自然生态、城镇及人口、经济发展等方面的内容，反思了张库大道现状价值和问题。在上诉研究基础上，本文进一步总结了中蒙俄三方在张库大道沿线的需求，并探讨了三方在跨界合作中的共同利益与矛盾点，通过反思现阶段的跨界合作实际成效，对未来张库大道的跨界合作提出相关建议，探索了张库大道的空间发展战略。
Zhangku Road emerged in the late Ming Dynasty, flourished in the mid Qing Dynasty, and declined in the late Qing Dynasty. It is an important ancient trade route from Zhangjiakou to Kulun (Ulan Bator). In a broad sense, Zhangku Road starts from Wuyi Mountain in Fujian province and ends in Kiakhta, Russia or even Europe. For this reason, it is known as “The Tea Road" . As an important part of The Tea Road, it has been playing a significant role as a political, economic and cultural link in the region along the route for hundreds of year. Today, Zhangku Road is facing new opportunities and challenges. Under the influence of globalization and regional integration, the concept of "region" has become a new focus for countries and regions.Meanwhile, as an integrated platform for cross-border cooperation in various fields, space is increasingly valued. In recent years, China's economic corridor construction under the "One Belt And One Road" initiative has achieved fruitful results. China's frontier construction and bridgehead strategy also promote the development of cross-border cooperation. As an important land route in China, It is particularly important to summarize its historical experience, evaluate its current effect and explore its future development. Based on relevant studies, this paper first compares the similarities and differences of cross-border cooperation between the EU, the Baltic, the US and Mexico and the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor, thus identifying the structural characteristics of cross-border cooperation. Secondly, in this paper the history of Zhangku Road was divided into four periods, namely, the Ming Dynasty, the Qing Dynasty, the Republic of China and the period since the founding of the People's Republic of China. By analyzing the cross-border cooperation modes and spatial changes in different stages, it finds out the historical characteristics of Zhangku Road and then summarizes the inherent characteristics of Zhangku Road. In addition, the paper analyzes Zhangku Road from the aspects of history, culture, natural ecology, surrounding towns, population distribution, infrastructure and deeply considers the existing value and problems of Zhangku Road. Further, it analyzes the needs of China, Mongolia and Russia along the Zhangku Road and summarizes the common interests and divergence among the three parties in cross-border cooperation. Finally, the paper evaluates the current cooperation among countries along Zhangku Road and puts forward some suggestions for the future development.
