2018年6月14日，国际移动通信标准化组织3GPP批准了5G标准独立组网功能冻结，标志着备受瞩目的5G标准正式成型，移动通信领域进入了新的发展阶段。来自中国的民营通信企业华为公司在5G标准的制定过程中的提案数超过原本的通信企业霸主爱立信，成为世界第一。然而，通讯行业更迭快速，摩托罗拉、诺基亚、朗讯等公司都曾引领过行业的发展趋势，但随着技术的更新换代，都受到了来自新生公司的挑战，从而风光不在。随着5G的大规模商用，行业处在深刻变革的前夜。所以，华为公司采取怎样的5G发展战略对公司至关重要。 本文通过基于企业战略管理理论中的波特行业竞争模型、SWOT分析等工具对华为公司的5G发展战略进行分析研究。首先，通过对政治环境、经济环境、社会环境、技术环境、5G的发展情况进行分析，阐明华为公司所处的外部环境为华为公司在5G发展上带来的威胁与机会；通过对华为的最近五年经营数据进行分析，阐明华为公司所具有的竞争优势与劣势。这部分的分析内容作为后文分析的基础。其次，以SWOT分析为基础，结合华为公司在5G业务发展上的威胁与机会、竞争优势与劣势，阐明了华为公司应采取的5G发展战略，并对华为公司的5G业务开展提出建议。本文研究发现，5G技术代表着未来移动通讯技术的发展方向，各国政府对本国5G发展给予厚望，行业竞争激烈。同时，5G是众多商业场景的基础，物联网、自动驾驶等商用场景将会随着5G的商用从小规模的试验性应用场景深入到人们生活的每一个细节中。面对如此复杂的行业竞争特点，本文为华为提出三步走的5G发展战略。在第一阶段，以巩固现有技术优势，快速占领5G市场为主。在第二阶段，以建设生态系统，引导运营商客户业务创新，布局5G新兴领域为主。在第三阶段，以领航员的身份，通过标准制定技术授权等引领行业发展方向。同时，本文还建议，在技术上华为应保持对研发的重视程度，并率先形成完整的行业解决方案。在市场拓展上，5G相关软硬件业务同时发展。在运营上，加强国际合作、减少不必要的贸易壁垒。本文通过对华为公司5G发展战略的研究，为华为在5G发展战略上提供了一种方向及一些建议。同时，对行业中的其他企业也有一定的借鉴意义。
The 3rd Generation Partnership Project approved the independent development ability of 5G NR on June 14,2018, which means the first phase of 5G communication standard came out and the communication industry came to new era. Huawei , one communication technology company came from China, becomes the biggest winner. The numbers of technical proposals submit by the company beyond the old lead company Ericsson. But, we can see the older leaders in the industry such as Motorola, Nokia and Alcatel-Lucent, all of them already cannot follow up the industry’s step along with the new companies’ emergence. Along with the deployment of 5G, the industry is changing. So the 5G development strategic management is very important for Huawei. This report will analyze Huawei 5G development strategy via the SWOT and the Porter Theory. First of all, analyze the threats and chances of Huawei 5G after analyzing its environment and communicate industry. And then analyze its strengths and weakness at meanwhile. Secondly, this report will point out the development strategy which is suitable for Huawei 5G. And Finally, this report will give some suggestions.This report found that the 5G is the future of communication industry. The government of many countries support their 5G companies and the competition is fierce. The 5G will be used in our daily life for scenarios such as IoT and auto-driving. This report give a suggested 5G development strategy by three steps. First, keep the technological advantage and occupy the market as soon as possible. Second, foster its 5G ecosystem and lead the operator customer’s business and layout the emerging 5G relative industries. Finally, lead the industry as the leader. Meanwhile, this report suggests Huawei notify the importance of technology development and announce its solution for 5G as soon as possible, develop the software and hardware at same time and reduce the unnecessary international friction.This report provides one direction for Huawei 5G development strategy after the analyzing. And this is suitable for other companies in the industry.
